Incidence of Second Primary Melanoma in Cutaneous Melanoma Survivors

Wiener, A.; Schumacher, Jessica R.; Racz, Jennifer M.; Weber, Sharon M.; Xu, Yaohui; Neuman, Heather B.

doi:10.1245/s10434-022-11725-8

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This phenomenon can be explained by the higher incidence of overall GC in older people, which thus dilutes the SIR of RGC. Similar ndings were also observed in second primary lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and melanoma (25)(26)(27). Moreover, it is possible that our result was supported by the multicentric carcinogenesis theory of MPGCs (9,28).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…We also found that earlier year of diagnosis was associated with a signi cantly higher risk of developing RGC. Older age has been previously reported as independent risk factor for metachronous multiple cancers including RGC (9,(25)(26)(27), though this seemed counterintuitive because younger patients with FPGC have more time to develop RGC. Indeed, we did observe a higher SIR in younger patients compared with the general population (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Incidence and Risk Factors of Remnant Gastric Cancer after Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer: A Population-Based Study from the SEER Database (2000-2020)

Yan

Cheng

Peng

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background. Gastric cancer (GC) constitutes a major health problem in the U.S., of which remnant gastric cancer (RGC) occurs less frequently. The rate of RGCs after gastrectomy for GC is increasing recently due to improved survival and screening, however, their incidence and risk have not been reported in the U.S. population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence and elevated risk of RGC after GC gastrectomy in the U.S., and to identify the risk factors. Methods. Patients diagnosed with first primary GC in 2000–2015 and those who developed RGC were identified from Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Fine-Gray regression was used to estimate the cumulative incidence and to identify risk factors. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated by Poisson regression to compare the risk with the general population. Results. Among 21566 patients included in the cohort, 227 developed RGC. The 20-year cumulative incidence of RGC was 1.88%. Multivariate analysis showed that hazard ratios were significantly higher in patients with age over 55 years, widowed and single marital status, unspecified tumor site, and T4 tumor, but lower in patients with diagnosis in 2010–2015, female sex, and $75000 + income. SIR was 7.70 overall and > 4.5 in each stratum. Conclusions. Cumulative incidence and risk for RGCs increased continuously in patients underwent GC gastrectomy. Earlier diagnosis, older age, male sex, marital status, lower income, and invasion depth are independent risk factors for RGC development. Close and lifelong endoscopy surveillance should be recommended for these patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Incidence and Risk Factors of Remnant Gastric Cancer after Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer: A Population-Based Study from the SEER Database (2000-2020)

Yan

Cheng

Peng

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Moreover, many of these studies combined in situ and invasive melanomas, 26 which made their results more vulnerable to bias due to overdiagnosis, increased patient awareness, and increased screening scrutiny in affected populations. 12 In contrast, we included only invasive second primary melanomas in our study to minimize the impact of overdiagnosis. Male sex and advancing age were independent factors associated with second primary melanoma in our study, which aligns with previous reports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The steep increase in the incidence of cutaneous melanoma, along with larger numbers of melanomas being diagnosed at earlier stages, and improvements in melanoma treatment have resulted in an expanding population of melanoma survivors over the past decade . These patients are at risk of developing subsequent melanomas during their lifetime, although the reported risk of second primary melanoma from different studies varies substantially . Some previous studieswere limited to a single center, some combined in situ and invasive melanomas, and others included both synchronous (ie, second primary melanoma within the 30 days of their first diagnosis) and metachronous (ie, second primary melanoma after 30-day interval of their first diagnosis) primary melanomas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and Factors Associated With Second Primary Invasive Melanoma in Norway

Ghiasvand,

Green,

Veierød

et al. 2024

JAMA Dermatol

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ImportancePatients diagnosed with a primary melanoma are at high risk of subsequent melanomas. Understanding the risk of second primary invasive melanoma and associated factors is crucial to optimize patient follow-up.ObjectiveTo assess the incidence rate of second primary invasive melanoma and time between the first and second primary invasive melanoma in the Norwegian population.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based cohort study included data from deidentified records of all invasive melanomas diagnosed in Norway in 2008 to 2020, obtained from the Cancer Registry of Norway. Data were from adults aged 18 years or older diagnosed with a first primary melanoma. Data analysis was performed from March to August 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was the incidence rate of second primary invasive melanoma at least 30 days after the first. Accelerated failure time models were fitted to examine potential associations with patient and tumor characteristics. Median time between first and second primary melanomas and 95% CIs were calculated. The likelihood of, and median interval for, second primary melanomas on the same or different site as the first primary were calculated.ResultsA total of 19 196 individuals aged 18 years or older were diagnosed with a first primary melanoma. The mean (SD) age at diagnosis of the first primary melanoma was 62 (16) years (range, 18-104 years), and 9763 (51%) were female. The incidence rate in the year following diagnosis was 16.8 (95% CI, 14.9-18.7) per 1000 person-years, which decreased to 7.3 (95% CI, 6.0-8.6) during the second year and stabilized thereafter. Median time between first and second primaries decreased with advancing age and was 37 months (95% CI, 8-49) in patients younger than 40 years, 18 (95% CI, 13-24) in patients aged 50 to 59 years, and 11 (95% CI, 7-18) in patients aged 80 years or older. The second primary was on the same site as their first primary for 47% (359 patients), and on a different site for 53% (407 patients). The median interval until second melanoma on the same site as the initial melanoma was 12 (95% CI, 7-19) months in men and 22 (95% CI, 11-35) months in women.Conclusions and RelevanceOlder age and male sex were associated with an increased risk, suggesting that increased surveillance intensity may be considered for men, especially those older than 50 years, for at least 3 years after their initial diagnosis, regardless of the characteristics of their first invasive melanoma.

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“…Ferrone et al [32] USA 1996-2002 385/4484 (8.6%) 139 (36%) NR 2.3 Goggins et al [33] USA 1973-1997 1421/61 245 (2.3%) 313 (22%) NR NR Helgadottir et al [34] Sweden 1960-2004 44 2469/54 884 (4.5%) NR NR NR Hwa et al [35] USA 2002-2008 61/788 (7.7%) NR 7 NR Johnson et al [36] USA 1990-1995 60/1482 (4%) 18 (30%) 7 2.4 Kang et al [37] USA 1965-1989 41/2032 (2%) 16 (39%) 5 NR Lallas et al [38] Greece 2013-2018 46/977 (4.7%) NR 6 NR Manganoni et al [21] Italy 1996-2006 47/1240 (3.7%) 10 (21%) 10 2.4 Menzies et al [22] Ireland 1994-2016 99/2057 (4.8%) 6 (13%) 10 2.5 Moore et al [39] USA 1996-2011 1122/16 570 (6.7%) NR >4 NR Moseley et al [40] USA 1971-1979 38/712 (5.3%) 12 (31%) 8 NR Muller et al [41] Austria 1968-2015 48 299/1648 (18.1%) NR >4 NR Nashan et al [23] Germany NR 30/535 (5.6%) NR NR NR Nosrati et al [42] USA 1985-2013 305/7268 (4.2%) 68 (22%) 13 2.3 Palacios Diaz et al [43] Spain 2014-2022 58/646 (8.9%) 20 (34%) 5 2.2 Pastor-Tomas et al [14] Spain 2000-2015 55/1447 (3.8%) NR NR NR Savoia et al [19] Italy 1974-1997 49/2470 (2%) 21 (43%) 6 NR Scheibner et al [44] Australia 1951-1980 90/3128 (2.9%) Aprox. 33% 5 NR Schmid et al [45] Germany 1977-1992 152/4597 (3.3%) 58 (37%) NR NR Siskind et al [46] Australia 1982-1990 221/1083 (20.4%) 13 (5%) 9 NR Stam-Posthuma et al [13] Netherlands 1983-1995 56/820 (6.8%) 13 (23%) 9 2.8 Titus-Ernstoff et al [47] USA NR 27/354 (8.0%) 8 (29%) 3 2.1 Ungureanu et al [24] Romania 2004-2020 26/699 (3.7%) 13 (50%) 4 2.3 van der Leest et al [48] Netherlands 1989-2008 1840/57 465 (3.2%) NR NR NR Villani et al [49] Italy 2014-2018 64/773 (8.2%) NR 6 NR Wassberg et al [25] Sweden 1958-1988 243/20,354 (1.1%) NR NR NR Wiener et al [50] USA 1998-2012 5960/152,811 (3.9%) 1743 (29%) NR NR MPM = multiple primary melanomas, NR = not reported. www.md-journal.com…”

Section: Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple primary melanomas: A literature review

Apostu,

Ungureanu,

Halmagyi

et al. 2023

Medicine

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Survival rates for melanoma have increased in recent years, a higher number of patients survive after diagnosis, and, therefore, are at an increased risk of developing second primary melanoma. The aim of this literature review is to identify and integrate the incidence rates and other characteristics of multiple primary melanomas. A total of 36 independent studies were included in this review. The incidence of multiple primary melanomas reported ranged from 1.1% to 20.4%. Synchronous melanomas account for 5% to 66% of the reported lesions. The most common site for both first and subsequent melanomas is the trunk. Superficial spreading melanoma is the most common histological type in both first and subsequent primary melanoma. Regarding the mean Breslow index, subsequent melanomas appeared to be thinner than first melanomas. Our review suggests that melanoma patients are at a higher risk of developing a second primary melanoma and long-term surveillance is needed.

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Incidence of Second Primary Melanoma in Cutaneous Melanoma Survivors

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Incidence and Risk Factors of Remnant Gastric Cancer after Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer: A Population-Based Study from the SEER Database (2000-2020)

Incidence and Risk Factors of Remnant Gastric Cancer after Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer: A Population-Based Study from the SEER Database (2000-2020)

Incidence and Factors Associated With Second Primary Invasive Melanoma in Norway

Multiple primary melanomas: A literature review

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