Incidence of Pseudomonas æruginosa and Other Gram‐Negative Rods in Newborn Infants

Laursen, Helga

doi:10.3109/00016346209158102

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Humidifying equipment is the most common reservoir of pseudomonas infection in the neonatal unit, and the difficulties in keeping this sterile cannot be stressed too much (Laursen, 1962).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their series was concerned with adult patients but there is evidence of a similar trend in children (Asay and Koch, 1960;Cooper, 1967). Pseudomonas infections are an increasing problem in neonatal units, particularly in the premature infant (Laursen, 1962; Barrie, 1965;Bassett, Thompson, and Page, 1965;Arniel et al, 1966;Fierer, Taylor, and Gezon, 1967;Jellard and Churcher, 1967;Monnet, Chassignol, and Vaillaud, 1967;Knights, France, and Harding, 1968). In many of these cases, pseudomonas has been traced to incubators or resuscitation equipment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatal Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bronchopneumonia in a Children's Hospital

Barson¹

1971

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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“…Humidifying equipment is the most common reservoir of pseudomonas infection in the neonatal unit, and the difficulties in keeping this sterile cannot be stressed too much (Laursen, 1962).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bronchopneumonia in a Children's Hospital

Barson¹

1971

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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“…pyocyanea (Geppert, Baker, Copple, and Pulaski, 1952); Hoffman and Finberg, 1955); Asay and Koch, 1960). Laursen (1962) found that nasal contamination with Ps. pyocyanea occurred in 9 % of infants in the premature nursery but in less than 0 3 % of normal infants nursed with their mothers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incubator-borne Pseudomonas pyocyanea infection in a newborn nursery.

Barrie¹

1965

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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“…Laursen (1963) and Kresky (1964) described the colonization of neonates with Gram-negative bacilli, as also have Shallard & Williams (1965, 1966; and Sarkany & Gaylarde (1967) included these organisms in their account of the skin flora of the immediate newborn. Studies illustrating the epidemiological properties of the Gram-negative intestinal bacilli are being more frequently reported, the most comprehensive being that of Laursen (1962) and Reinarz, Pierce, Mays & Sandford (1965). The increasing importance of the Gram-negative bacilli in hospital nurseries has been summarized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteria in a hospital nursery: laboratory and clinical studies

Winton

Keay

1968

J. Hyg.

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SummaryTwo hundred and twenty-two infants and fifty-one staff were examined for carriage ofStaphylococcus pyogenesand Gram-negative bacilli, and the presence of these bacteria in the ward environment was also investigated. Staphylococci were phage-typed and tested for sensitivity to antibiotics. Assessment of clinical infection caused by these bacteria was made.Infant carriage ofStaphylococcus pyogeneswas maximal on the sixth day, 73·1 % of umbilical swabs yielding significant growth. Carriage of Gram-negative bacilli was maximal on the fifth day, 31·7% of umbilical swabs being positive. Where special nursing was enforced, i.e. premature baby unit, isolation of Gram-negative bacilli was very infrequent.The low nasal carriage of staphylococci seen in infants and nursing staff is attributed to traces of penicillinase-resistant penicillins in the ward air.Staphylococcus pyogeneswas recovered from 23 % of ward surfaces, and constituted 0·7% of the air-borne flora. In contrast, Gram-negative bacilli were recovered from 4·7 % of surfaces, and composed only 0·15% of the air-borne flora.Phage group I constituted 73·0, 44·9 and 41·2% of strains from infants, staff and ward environment respectively.Antibiograms were grouped into three categories, A, B and C. Category A (sensitive to chloramphenicol, erythromycin and methicillin but penicillin-resistant) composed 79·0% of infants' strains, being found mostly in group I, but was rare among staff strains.Of 54 specimens taken from 40 infants showing evidence of infection,Staphylococcus pyogeneswas isolated from 16, of which 14 were category A. Gram-negative bacilli were isolated 7 times. Only 21 infants required antibiotic therapy (9·3%) and none were infected with Gram-negative bacilli—this contrasts with the frequency of these bacilli in nursery infection today.Ward air is considered to be the maindepotofStaphylococcus pyogenes. Infant ‘dispersers’ are probably the principalsourceof the air-borne staphylococci. Infants and staff abstract from the air those staphylococci which become their colonizing strains. No transfer is thought to occur from the staff to the infants. Transmission of Gram-negative bacilli is similar in that the infants are the principal source and the air the maindepotof these bacteria. Nasal colonization by Gram-negative bacilli is low, this is possibly due to poor colonizing properties. Infant umbilical carriage almost certainly results from endogenous faecal spread.We are grateful to Dr J. C. Gould, Director, Central Microbiological Laboratories, Edinburgh, for his continued interest and advice, and to Mr J. C. Ferguson and Mrs M. M. Winton for skilled technical assistance. This study would not have been completed without the co-operation of Sisters McCartney and Struthers and their nursing staff.

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Incidence of Pseudomonas æruginosa and Other Gram‐Negative Rods in Newborn Infants

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Fatal Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bronchopneumonia in a Children's Hospital

Fatal Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bronchopneumonia in a Children's Hospital

Incubator-borne Pseudomonas pyocyanea infection in a newborn nursery.

Bacteria in a hospital nursery: laboratory and clinical studies

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