Incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting and its associated factors following pediatric ophthalmic surgery at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, 2019

Abstract

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting is still viewed as minor problems, even though they are one of the major causes of morbidity in pediatric surgical patients like surgical site bleeding, pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents, fluid and electrolyte disturbances and dehydration, delayed hospital discharge, unexpected hospital admission and decreased patient satisfaction and cost. Surgical, anesthetic related factors as well as patient factors are major contributing factors for PONV. Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess Incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting and factors associated with vomiting after pediatrics ophthalmic procedure under GA. Design: prospective cross sectional study. Methods: Institutional based prospective observational study was conducted to determine Incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting and its associated factors. Data were checked on daily basis for completeness and were entered to Epi info and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20 software. Findings: The overall incidence of post-operative vomiting in pediatrics ophthalmic procedure under GA was 19.9% (CI = 14.5–25.3%). Factors associated with post-operative vomiting were age>3years, motion sickness and duration of surgery >30min. Conclusion: The incidence of post-operative vomiting after pediatrics ophthalmic procedure was 19.9%. Age>3years, motion sickness and duration of surgery >30 min were significantly associated with post-operative vomiting. Highlights:

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in an Ethiopian Comprehensive Specialized Hospital

“…In contrast to our results, some studies report a lower incidence of PONV [6,[16][17][18][19][20]. The prevalence [10], at the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital was 17.2% [9], Jimma Medical Center was 27.4% [12], pediatric ophthalmic surgery at the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital was 19.9% [11], and at Wolaita Sodo Teaching Referral Hospital was 29.1% [13] within 24 hr after the operation. This difference may be due to the use of different induction agents and in the current study population received the type of surgeries that have a higher PONV prevalence: abdominal, gynecological, and thyroid surgeries.…”

“…The overall incidence of PONV is estimated to be 28%-80%, with severe, intractable PONV estimated to occur in approximately 18% of all patients undergoing surgery [9][10][11][12][13][14]. Around 2.4 million patients suffer from PONV every year in Germany where better medical care is expected to be provided as compared to a low-resource settings like Ethiopia [6,15].…”