“…Studies of depressed adults attending psychiatric clinics have shown a higher incidence of childhood bereavement than in a control group (Granville Grossman, 1968, Birtchnell, 1972. The ages at which children seem most vulnerable to loss are 3-5 years and at adolescence, and other studies have indicated that depression and school refusal are common symptoms (Black, 1974, Arthur & Kemme, 1964, Caplan & Douglas, 1969. Girls losing fathers in adolescence seem especially vulnerable to depression in adult life.…”