Incidence of maxillofacial fractures in motor vehicle accidents treated in Dubai

Introduction The midface with multiple bones and cavities is vulnerable to fractures more commonly. Midface is one of the most frequently injured areas of the body, accounting for 23%–97% of all facial fractures. The classic LeFort type of fractures are uncommon nowadays and a more common picture is more severe forms primarily due to the high-speed vehicles that are a major cause of these fractures. It, therefore, has become imperative to determine the commonly occurring patterns of fractures in this area in the present time for a better insight into diagnosis and treatment plans. The aim of this article was to determine fracture patterns in midface trauma to ease the treatment planning in such a scenario. Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 114 patients who reported to a tertiary hospital during a 4-year period and were diagnosed with suspected midface fractures. The etiology and pattern of fractures of midface were assessed based on history, clinical examination, and imaging data. The diagnosis of a fracture was based on the clinical history, signs and symptoms, manual examination, and correct interpretation of radiographs and computed tomography. Midface fractures were recorded as LeFort I, II, III, dentoalveolar, palatal, zygomatic complex fracture, nasal bones, naso-orbital-ethmoidal complex, and orbital and zygomatic arch fractures. Etiological factors were classified as road traffic accidents (RTAs), fall, assault, and sports injuries. Results: During the 4-year period, a total of 114 patients were included. Patients' ages ranged from 17 to 68 years, with 102 males and 12 females. The most common fracture in this study was found to be zygomatic complex fractures (52%), and RTA was identified as the main cause of fracture in this study (79.2%). Conclusion: The midface fractures are more common in males due to the propensity of males to use two-wheelers more than females. The prominence of the zygoma makes it more vulnerable to fractures than rest of the bones in the midface. Increased speed of vehicles and lack of discipline in following traffic rules have resulted in RTA, being the biggest etiological factor in midface injuries.

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“…who found maximum incidence of fractures in RTAs in Dubai in pedestrians and the mandible was the most involved bone. [ 10 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Midface fracture pattern in a tertiary care hospital – A prospective study

Menon

Shivakotee²,

Sham³

et al. 2022

Natl J Maxillofac Surg

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“…Among the most frequent facial injuries, they identified nasal fractures (43.6%), zygomatic fractures (21.3%), and orbital fractures (20.6%), while mandibular fractures constituted only 3.8% of all maxillofacial injuries. Similarly, several other studies conducted in different regions including Kenya, 17 Philippines, 21 Germany, 20 and the United Arab Emirates 15 have reported that the most frequent anatomical location of accident‐related facial fractures was the midface including fractures of the zygomatic, orbital, and nasal bones. However, some authors have argued that the lower face is more susceptible to fractures in cases of maxillofacial trauma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Additionally, such data aids in the development of innovative strategies to reduce the incidence of maxillofacial trauma and provide appropriate care by assessing the at‐risk population and identifying contributing factors to trauma 7,11 . The epidemiology of maxillofacial fractures resulting from road traffic accidents has been the subject of several studies conducted in various regions worldwide 9,11–21 . However, no research on maxillofacial fractures specifically caused by rollover crashes has been published to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The pattern of maxillofacial fractures associated with rollover accidents: A 7‐year retrospective study

Yari,

Hasheminasab,

Fasih

et al. 2023

Dental Traumatology

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Background/AimThis study aimed to assess the incidence and pattern of maxillofacial fractures and related demographic data in the victims of rollover crashes.Patients and MethodsThis retrospective study was based on medical records of patients who sustained maxillofacial injuries following rollover accidents. Investigated data included age, gender, accident date and time, accident cause, seat belt usage, airbag deployment, road type, anatomical location of the facial fracture, and treatment approach.ResultsAmong the 147 patients who met the inclusion criteria, the most prevalent age groups were 20–30 (36.7%) and 30–40 (32.7%) years, with a mean age of 33.6 ± 9.7 years. The male‐to‐female ratio was 6:1. Most crashes occurred in March, August, and July. These accidents involved 69.4% light vehicles and 39.6% heavy vehicles. The leading causes of rollover crashes were speeding (58.5%) followed by distracted driving (21.1%) and traffic rule violations (13.6%). The most prevalent injuries were fractures of the maxillary sinus wall (40.8%), nasal bones (39.5%), zygomaticomaxillary complex (36.1%), and the mandible (32.6%). Surgical intervention was necessary for 44.2% of patients, while 12.9% of cases underwent close reduction, and 42.9% did not require any surgical intervention. The occurrence of nasal bone fractures was significantly lower in cases where seat belts were worn and zygomatic arch fractures were less frequent in incidents with airbag deployment.ConclusionsIn rollover crashes, the midface is the most vulnerable anatomical location. Utilization of seat belts and airbag deployment has the potential to prevent nasal bone and zygomatic arch fractures.

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“…They occur in about 40% to 60% of victims encountered with trauma. [ 2 ] The type of fractures encountered mostly hinge on the impact of the external forces over the maxillofacial region. [ 3 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Patterns of Maxillofacial Injuries

Kalathil

Mangalath

Roshni

et al. 2021

Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences

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Maxillofacial fractures are one of the common presentations in an emergency department. They are considered to be one of the significant and dominant conditions that requires treatment as the fractures can result in morbidity, mortality, psychological, functional disability, and facial mutilation. The incidence, patterns, and etiology of maxillofacial fractures vary from one country to another due to the geographical, cultural, social, and economic differences. The present study included 176 patients from January 2019 to September 2020 that aimed to evaluate the pattern of maxillofacial fractures and to learn the etiology for the same.

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Incidence of maxillofacial fractures in motor vehicle accidents treated in Dubai

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Midface fracture pattern in a tertiary care hospital – A prospective study

Midface fracture pattern in a tertiary care hospital – A prospective study

The pattern of maxillofacial fractures associated with rollover accidents: A 7‐year retrospective study

Study of Patterns of Maxillofacial Injuries

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