Incidence of macrosomia in Mexico: National and subnational estimations

Avendaño-Álvarez, Fermín; Monterrubio‐Flores, Eric; Omaña-Guzmán, Isabel; Teros, Miriam López; Cordero, Sonia Hernández; Muciño-Sandoval, Karla; Cantoral, Alejandra; Ancira-Moreno, Mónica

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0276518

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Proportions of LBW and PTB in Mexico were both at 7% in 2019, whereas in this study they were both at 10% 59 60. Stillbirth rate was 7 per 1000 births, and the proportion of macrosomia (birth weight >4000 g) was 3%, compared with 6 per 1000 births and 3%, respectively, in this study 59 61. The findings of no associations are consistent with several others 14 17 19 24 25 62 63.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

SARS-CoV-2 infection by trimester of pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes: a Mexican retrospective cohort study

Ghosh,

Gutierrez,

de Jesús Ascencio-Montiel

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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ObjectiveConflicting evidence for the association between COVID-19 and adverse perinatal outcomes exists. This study examined the associations between maternal COVID-19 during pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes including preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), small-for-gestational age (SGA), large-for-gestational age (LGA) and fetal death; as well as whether the associations differ by trimester of infection.Design and settingThe study used a retrospective Mexican birth cohort from the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico, between January 2020 and November 2021.ParticipantsWe used the social security administrative dataset from IMSS that had COVID-19 information and linked it with the IMSS routine hospitalisation dataset, to identify deliveries in the study period with a test for SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy.Outcome measuresPTB, LBW, SGA, LGA and fetal death. We used targeted maximum likelihood estimators, to quantify associations (risk ratio, RR) and CIs. We fit models for the overall COVID-19 sample, and separately for those with mild or severe disease, and by trimester of infection. Additionally, we investigated potential bias induced by missing non-tested pregnancies.ResultsThe overall sample comprised 17 340 singleton pregnancies, of which 30% tested positive. We found that those with mild COVID-19 had an RR of 0.89 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.99) for PTB and those with severe COVID-19 had an RR of 1.53 (95% CI 1.07 to 2.19) for LGA. COVID-19 in the first trimester was associated with fetal death, RR=2.36 (95% CI 1.04, 5.36). Results also demonstrate that missing non-tested pregnancies might induce bias in the associations.ConclusionsIn the overall sample, there was no evidence of an association between COVID-19 and adverse perinatal outcomes. However, the findings suggest that severe COVID-19 may increase the risk of some perinatal outcomes, with the first trimester potentially being a high-risk period.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

SARS-CoV-2 infection by trimester of pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes: a Mexican retrospective cohort study

Ghosh,

Gutierrez,

de Jesús Ascencio-Montiel

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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“…Macrosomia, defined as a birth weight ≥4000 g, and large-for-gestational-age (LGA), defined as a birth weight greater than the 90th percentile of each gestational week [1,2], are two of the most common obstetric problems because of their associations with increased maternal and perinatal morbidity/mortality, such as shoulder dystocia, postpartum hemorrhage, and birth trauma [3][4][5]. The rate of macrosomia is approximately 4-10% of term pregnancies and is currently increasing by 10-25% worldwide [6][7][8][9][10], particularly in developed countries. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common risk factors for LGA fetuses [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rate of macrosomia is approximately 4-10% of term pregnancies and is currently increasing by 10-25% worldwide [6][7][8][9][10], particularly in developed countries. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common risk factors for LGA fetuses [7][8][9][10]. Early diagnosis and treatment of GDM is helpful in the prevention of macrosomia and associated complications [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of the Rates of Large-for-Gestational-Age Newborns between Women with Diet-Controlled Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Those with Non-Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Pittyanont,

Suriya,

Sirilert

et al. 2024

Clinics and Practice

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(1) Objectives: The primary objective is to compare the rate of large-for-gestational-age (LGA) between women with diet-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and those with non-GDM, and to assess whether or not diet-controlled GDM is an independent factor of LGA fetuses. The secondary objectives are to compare the rates of other common adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preeclampsia, cesarean section rate, preterm birth, and low Apgar score, between pregnancies with diet-controlled GDM and non-GDM pregnancies. (2) Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on singleton pregnancies, diagnosed with GDM and non-GDM between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, based on a two-step screening test. The prospective database of the obstetric department was accessed to retrieve the records meeting the inclusion criteria, and full medical records were comprehensively reviewed. The patients were categorized into two groups, GDM (study group) and non-GDM (control group). The main outcome was the rate of LGA newborns, and the secondary outcomes included pregnancy-induced hypertension, preterm birth, cesarean rate, low Apgar scores, etc. (3) Results: Of 1364 recruited women, 1342 met the inclusion criteria, including 1177 cases in the non-GDM group and 165 (12.3%) in the GDM group. Maternal age and pre-pregnancy BMI were significantly higher in the GDM group. The rates of LGA newborns, PIH, and cesarean section were significantly higher in the GDM group (15.1% vs. 7.1%, p-value < 0.001; 7.8% vs. 2.6%, p-value = 0.004; and 54.5% vs. 41.5%, p-value = 0.002; respectively). On logistic regression analysis, GDM was not significantly associated with LGA (odds ratio 1.64, 95% CI: 0.97–2.77), while BMI and gender were still significantly associated with LGA. Likewise, GDM was not significantly associated with the rate of PIH (odds ratio: 1.7, 95% CI: 0.825–3.504), while BMI and maternal age were significantly associated with PIH, after controlling confounding factors. (4) Conclusions: The rates of LGA newborns, PIH, and cesarean section are significantly higher in women with diet-controlled GDM than those with non-GDM. Nevertheless, the rates of LGA newborns and PIH are not directly caused by GDM but mainly caused high pre-pregnancy BMI and advanced maternal age, which are more commonly encountered among women with GDM.

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Maternal dietary practices during pregnancy and obesity of neonates: a machine learning approach towards hierarchical and nested relationships in a Tibet Plateau cohort study

Tang,

Zhang,

Sun

et al. 2024

Br J Nutr

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Studies on obesity and risk factors from a life-course perspective among residents in the Tibet Plateau with recent economic growth and increasing obesity are important and urgently needed. The birth cohort in this area provides a unique opportunity to examine the association between maternal dietary practice and neonatal obesity. The study aims to detect the prevalence of obesity among neonates, associated with maternal diet and other factors, supporting life-course strategies for obesity control. A cohort of pregnant women was enrolled in Tibet Plateau and followed till childbirth. Dietary practice during pregnancy was assessed using the Chinese FFQ – Tibet Plateau version, food items and other variables were associated with the risk for obesity of neonates followed by logistic regression, classification and regression trees (CART) and random forest. Of the total 1226 mother–neonate pairs, 40·5 % were Tibetan and 5·4 % of neonates with obesity. Consuming fruits as a protective factor for obesity of neonates with OR (95 % CI) = 0·61 (0·43, 0·87) from logistic regression; as well as OR = 0·20 (0·12, 0·35) for consuming fruits (≥ weekly) from CART. Removing fruit consumption to avoid overshadowing effects of other factors, the following were influential from CART: maternal education (more than middle school, OR = 0·22 (0·13, 0·37)) and consumption of Tibetan food (daily, OR = 3·44 (2·08, 5·69). Obesity among neonates is prevalent in the study population. Promoting healthy diets during pregnancy and strengthening maternal education should be part of the life-course strategies for obesity control.

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Incidence of macrosomia in Mexico: National and subnational estimations

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

SARS-CoV-2 infection by trimester of pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes: a Mexican retrospective cohort study

SARS-CoV-2 infection by trimester of pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes: a Mexican retrospective cohort study

Comparisons of the Rates of Large-for-Gestational-Age Newborns between Women with Diet-Controlled Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Those with Non-Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Maternal dietary practices during pregnancy and obesity of neonates: a machine learning approach towards hierarchical and nested relationships in a Tibet Plateau cohort study

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