Incidence of Low Free T4 Values in Premature Infants as Determined by Direct Equilibrium Dialysis

Rabin, Christopher W.; Hopper, Andrew; Job, Leela; Peverini, Ricardo; Clark, Susan J.; Deming, Douglas; Nelson, Jerald C.; Vyhmeister, Nidia R.

doi:10.1038/sj.jp.7211109

Cited by 11 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

(59 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In preterm infants the umbilical cord values for T4, free T4, T3 and thyroxine-binding globulin are lower than in mature neonates. Postnatal increase in TSH is considerably less pronounced in preterm infants and in the first two weeks of life the circulating T4 and TSH values for preterm infants remain measurably lower [11,[15][16][17]. Whether the transient hypothroxinaemia in preterm infants and children with an extremely low birth weight is the cause or the result of the existing morbidity remains unclear.…”

Section: Use In Pre-term Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indications for Intravenous T3 and T4

Feldkamp,

Feldkamp

2024

Horm Metab Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Therapy with thyroid hormones normally is restricted to substitution therapy of patients with primary or secondary hypothyroidism. Typically, thyroid hormones are given orally. There are few indications for intravenous use of thyroid hormones. Indications for parenteral application are insufficient resorption of oral medications due to alterations of the gastrointestinal tract, partial or total loss of consciousness, sedation in the intensive care unit or shock. In almost all cases levothyroxine is the therapy of choice including congenital hypothyroidism. In preterm infants with an altered thyroid hormone status studies with thyroid hormones including intravenous liothyronine showed a normalisation of T3 levels and in some cases an amelioration of parameters of ventilation. A benefit for mortality or later morbidity could not be seen. Effects on neurological improvements later in life are under discussion. Decreased thyroid hormone levels are often found after cardiac surgery in infants and adults. Intravenous therapy with thyroid hormones improves the cardiac index, but in all other parameters investigated, no substantial effect on morbidity and mortality could be demonstrated. Oral liothyronine therapy in these situations was equivalent to an intravenous route of application. In myxedema coma intravenous levothyroxine is given for 3 to 10 days until the patient can take oral medication and normal resorption in the gastrointestinal tract is achieved by restoring at least peripheral euthyroidism. Intravenous levothyroxine is the standard in treating patients with myxedema coma. A protective effect on the heart of i.v. levothyroxine in brain-dead organ donors may be possible.

show abstract

Section: Use In Pre-term Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%