Incidence of Keratoconus and Its Association with Systemic Comorbid Conditions: A Nationwide Cohort Study from South Korea

Moon, Jong Youn; Lee, Jesang; Park, Yoon Hyung; Park, Sohee; Lee, Si Hyung

doi:10.1155/2020/3493614

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Systemic conditions like connective tissue disorders, sleep apnea, diabetes mellitus, and inflammatory bowel disease were investigated as well, with contrasting results. 23–25…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is keratoconus associated to thyroid diseases? Assessment of the corneal parameters in patients with congenital hypothyroidism

Roszkowska

Alessandrello

Waśniewska

et al. 2021

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose: To investigate the association between keratoconus and congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Patients and methods: Patients were enrolled in this study and divided into two groups. The first group comprised 31 subjects (11M:20F) with the mean age of 15.2 ± 3.9 years. affected by CH, and the control group was composed by 19 healthy individuals (8M:11F) aged 14.3 ± 4.6 years. All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examination with visual acuity assessment, refraction, slit lamp examination, and retinoscopy. Corneal parameters were measured using Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam® Oculus, Germany). The main outcome measures considered for evaluation were: average corneal curvature (K), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior elevation and posterior elevation at the thinnest point, corneal volume (CV), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and anterior chamber volume (ACV). Additionally, data from Belin/Ambrosio Enhanced Ectasia Display (BAD) and the high order aberrations were evaluated. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to verify the Gaussian distribution, the comparison between the controls and cases group was performed by Mann-Whitney nonparametric test. A p value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. The odds ratio was performed in order to quantify the relationship between the congenital hypothyroidism and abnormal values displayed on front BAD. Results: The significant difference in the refractive status between both groups was observed. As to examined corneal and anterior chamber parameters no statistical differences were detected. Conclusions: Congenital hypothyroidism diagnosed and treated since the early postnatal life doesn’t induce abnormalities of corneal parameters suggestive for keratoconus.

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“…Systemic conditions like connective tissue disorders, sleep apnea, diabetes mellitus, and inflammatory bowel disease were investigated as well, with contrasting results. 23–25…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is keratoconus associated to thyroid diseases? Assessment of the corneal parameters in patients with congenital hypothyroidism

Roszkowska

Alessandrello

Waśniewska

et al. 2021

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Based on the pooled odds ratio, individuals with KC had similar likelihood of having diabetes as individuals without KC. The literature on the association between diabetes and KC is inconsistent; some studies report lower odds of diabetes in individuals with KC, 14,35 some report higher odds 15,31 while others report no significant association between KC and diabetes Alteration in the biomechanical properties of the cornea plays a fundamental role in the pathophysiology of KC. This often occurs before the clinical presentation of the disease condition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All studies were published between 2000 and 2021. Three studies 15,28,29 were conducted in the United States, two studies in Iran, 14,30 two in South Korea, 31,32 and one study each in Germany 33 and Taiwan. 34 The pooled sample size from the nine studies was 27,311 for individuals with KC and 53,732 for controls.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between diabetes and keratoconus—a systematic review and meta-analysis

Akowuah

Arthur

Otabil

et al. 2021

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose To assess the association between diabetes mellitus and keratoconus. Methods PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for literature on the association between diabetes and keratoconus. The last literature search was conducted on April 4, 2021. A secondary form of the literature search was conducted by manually scanning the reference list of retrieved eligible articles. Included studies were cohort, case-control, or cross-sectional study design that used odds ratio or risk ratio to evaluate the relationship between keratoconus and diabetes. Egger's test was used to assess the presence of publication bias. The quality of eligible studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results Nine studies (six case-control and three cohort studies) published between 2000 and 2021 were included. The total number of keratoconus patients and controls were 27,311 and 53,732. respectively. Meta-analysis revealed no significant association between diabetes mellitus and keratoconus; the pooled odds ratio was 0.87 (95% confidence interval: 0.66–1.14; p = 0.314). There was significant heterogeneity ( Q (df = 7) = 33.36, p < 0.001; I 2 = 79.01, p < 0.001). Age of participants ( p < 0.0001), study design ( p < 0.001), and sample size ( p = 0.024) were significant sources of heterogeneity. There was no evidence of publication bias. Conclusion The current meta-analysis revealed no significant association between diabetes mellitus and keratoconus. Well-designed longitudinal prospective studies are, however, needed to investigate any association between diabetes mellitus and keratoconus.

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“…A comorbidity with Down's syndrome, mitral valve prolapse and Leber congenital amaurosis is reported (3). Additionally, associations with atopic dermatitis, asthma, allergic rhinitis and diabetes mellitus were detected (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Keratoconus Stage on Outcome After Corneal Crosslinking

Gassel

Röck

Konrad

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: This study aimed to analyze if the outcome after corneal crosslinking (CXL) in progressive keratoconus patients depends on the stage in which the procedure is performed. This knowledge would help to improve success of CXL and facilitate defining surgery indications in those patients.Methods: In this retrospective study, 124 consecutive eyes of 100 patients with progressive keratoconus undergoing corneal CXL at the University Eye Hospital Tübingen were included. The eyes were graded according to modified Krumeich stages depending on induced myopia or astigmatism, corneal radii, minimum corneal thickness, and morphological changes. The observation period took place from November 2008 to September 2018. Preoperatively, 12 and 24 months after CXL, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was determined and astigmatism as well as keratometric parameters (Kmax, Kmin, central corneal thickness (CCT), minimum corneal thickness (MCT)) were measured by means of a Scheimpflug camera system.Results: BCVA results showed significant differences between the modified Krumeich stages 12 months (p=0.014) and 24 months postoperatively (p=0.032). Also, astigmatism differed significantly among the stages 24 months after CXL (p=0.023); however, after 12 months, no significant differences between the groups were detectable. In terms of Kmax, Kmin, CCT, and MCT, no significant differences between the Krumeich stages were observed.Conclusions: BCVA showed a significantly higher improvement after CXL in the early stage of keratoconus compared to a higher stage. However, the postinterventional keratometric values did not differ significantly between the different modified Krumeich stages. The significantly higher improvement in BCVA after CXL in the early stage might indicate that earlier intervention provides a higher subjective benefit to the individual. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these findings.

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Incidence of Keratoconus and Its Association with Systemic Comorbid Conditions: A Nationwide Cohort Study from South Korea

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Is keratoconus associated to thyroid diseases? Assessment of the corneal parameters in patients with congenital hypothyroidism

Is keratoconus associated to thyroid diseases? Assessment of the corneal parameters in patients with congenital hypothyroidism

Association between diabetes and keratoconus—a systematic review and meta-analysis

Impact of Keratoconus Stage on Outcome After Corneal Crosslinking

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