Incidence of Injury in Indoor Soccer

Lindenfeld, Thomas N.; Schmitt, David; Hendy, Mary Pat; Mangine, Robert E.; Noyes, Frank R.

doi:10.1177/036354659402200312

Cited by 282 publications

(198 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Disproportionately higher rates of ACL injuries in females than males has been the focus of multiple studies [4,5,23,31,36,41,50,54]. Despite the well-described role of sex on ACL injury risk, the role of sex on ACL injury treatment outcomes has been a topic of considerable debate with inconclusive findings [1,43,47,51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The risk of ACL injury has been shown to be dependent on sex, with women being at a two-to 10-fold greater risk than men when playing the same sport [4,5,23,31,36,41,50,54]. The high risk of injury in women along with their increased rate of sports participation during the last three decades has led to a rapid increase in ACL injuries among women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of Porcine Knee as a Sex-specific Model to Study Human Anterior Cruciate Ligament Disorders

Kiapour

Shalvoy

Murray

et al. 2015

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Animal models have long been considered an important modality for studying ACL injuries. However, to our knowledge, the value of these preclinical models to study sex-related phenomena associated with ACL injury and recovery has not been evaluated. Questions/purposesWe asked whether (1) prominent anatomic and (2) biomechanical factors differ between female and male porcine knees, particularly those known to increase the risk of ACL injury. Methods Eighteen intact minipig knees (nine males, nine females) underwent MRI to determine the femoral bicondylar width, intercondylar notch size (width, area and index), medial and lateral tibial slope, ACL size (length, cross-sectional area, and volume), and medial compartment tibiofemoral cartilage thickness. AP knee laxity at 30°, 60°, and 90°flexion and ACL tensile structural properties were measured using custom-designed loading fixtures in a universal tensile testing apparatus. Comparisons between males and females were performed for all anatomic and biomechanical measures. The findings then were compared with published data from human knees. Results Female pigs had smaller bicondylar widths (2.9 mm, ratio = 0.93, effect size = À1.5) and intercondylar notches (width: 2.0 mm, ratio = 0.79, effect size = À2.8; area: 30.8 mm 2 , ratio = 0.76, effect size = 2.1; index: 0.4, ratio = 0.84, effect size = À2.0), steeper lateral tibial slope (4.3°, ratio = 1.13, effect size = 1.1), smaller ACL (length: 2.7 mm, ratio = 0.91, effect size = 1.1; area: 6.8 mm 2 , ratio = 0.74, effect size = À1.5; volume: 266.2 mm 3 , ratio = 0.68, effect size = À1.5), thinner medial femoral cartilage (0.4 mm, ratio = 0.8, effect size = À1.1), lower ACL yield load (275 N, ratio = 0.81, effect size = À1.1), and greater AP knee laxity at 30°( 0.7 mm, ratio = 1.32, effect size = 1.1) and 90°(0.5 mm, ratio = 1.24, effect size = 1

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of Porcine Knee as a Sex-specific Model to Study Human Anterior Cruciate Ligament Disorders

Kiapour

Shalvoy

Murray

et al. 2015

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Not surprisingly, the incidence of ACL injury is relatively high in sports involving a high frequency of landing, decelerating and rapid changes of direction such as basketball, netball, handball and volleyball (Arendt and Dick, 1995;Griffin, Angel, Albohm, et al 2000). The incidence of non-contact ACL injury has been reported to be 6 to 8 times greater in females than in males competing in the same sports (Arendt and Dick 1995;Chandy and Grana 1985;Ferretti, Papandrea, Conteduca, et al 1992;Gray, Taunton, McEnzie, et al 1985;Gwinn, Wilkens, McDevitt, et al 2000;Lindenfeld, Schmitt, Hendy, et al 1994;Malone, Hardaker, Garrett, et al 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Limb Coordination and Stiffness During Landing from Volleyball Block Jumps

Hughes

Watkins

2008

Research in Sports Medicine

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Abstract.The aim of the study was to investigate lower limb coordination and stiffness in five male and five female university volleyball players performing block jump landings. Coordination was assessed using angle -angle plots of the hip -knee, knee -ankle and hip -ankle joint couplings and discrete relative phase (DRP) of right -left joint couplings (i.e. left knee coupled with right knee). Leg stiffness was calculated as the ratio of the change in vertical ground reaction force (GRF) to the change in vertical displacement of the centre of gravity between ground contact and maximum vertical GRF. Knee stiffness was calculated as the ratio of the change in knee joint moment to the change in knee flexion angular displacement between ground contact and maximum knee joint moment. Comparison of the DRP angles between left and right legs indicated reduced symmetry between the left and right legs in females compared to males which may indicate greater likelihood of ligament strain in females compared to males. Furthermore, females exhibited reduced stability in the coordination between the left and right knee joints than males. Males exhibited significantly greater absolute and normalised leg stiffness and significantly greater absolute and normalised knee joint stiffness during landing compared to females. In conjunction with the coordination data, this may indicate reduced dynamic stability of the leg in females compared to males which may contribute to the greater incidence of ACL injury in females compared to males.

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“…[1][2][3] Many of these injuries are believed to occur during single-leg landings, with no direct blow to the knee. [4][5][6] Although the causes of these injuries are not known, they are widely believed to include some combination of environmental, biomechanical, neuromuscular, structural, and hormonal factors.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hip-Abductor Fatigue and Single-Leg Landing Mechanics in Women Athletes

Patrek

Kernozek

Willson

et al. 2011

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Reduced hip-abductor strength and muscle activation may be associated with altered lower extremity mechanics, which are thought to increase the risk for anterior cruciate ligament injury. However, experimental evidence supporting this relationship is limited. Objective: To examine the changes in single-leg landing mechanics and gluteus medius recruitment that occur after a hip-abductor fatigue protocol. Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty physically active women (age = 21.0 ± 1.3 years). Intervention(s): Participants were tested before (prefatigue) and after (postfatigue) a hip-abductor fatigue protocol consisting of repetitive side-lying hip abduction. Main Outcome Measure(s): Outcome measures included sagittal-plane and frontal-plane hip and knee kinematics at initial contact and at 60 milliseconds after initial contact during 5 single-leg landings from a height of 40 cm. Peak hip and knee sagittal-plane and frontal-plane joint moments during this time interval were also analyzed. Measures of gluteus medius activation, including latency, peak amplitude, and integrated signal, were recorded. Results: A small (<1°) increase in hip-abduction angle at initial contact and a small (<1°) decrease in knee-abduction (valgus) angle at 60 milliseconds after contact were observed in the postfatigue landing condition. No other kinematic changes were noted for the knee or hip at initial contact or at 60 milliseconds after initial contact. Peak external knee-adduction moment decreased 27% and peak hip adduction moment decreased 24% during the postfatigue landing condition. Gluteus medius activation was delayed after the protocol, but no difference in peak or integrated signal was seen during the landing trials. Conclusions: Changes observed during single-leg landings after hip-abductor fatigue were not generally considered unfavorable to the integrity of the anterior cruciate ligament. Further work may be justified to study the role of hip-abductor activation in protecting the knee during landing.

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Incidence of Injury in Indoor Soccer

Cited by 282 publications

References 18 publications

Validation of Porcine Knee as a Sex-specific Model to Study Human Anterior Cruciate Ligament Disorders

Validation of Porcine Knee as a Sex-specific Model to Study Human Anterior Cruciate Ligament Disorders

Lower Limb Coordination and Stiffness During Landing from Volleyball Block Jumps

Hip-Abductor Fatigue and Single-Leg Landing Mechanics in Women Athletes

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