Incidence of “<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter asiaticus” in a Florida population of Asian citrus psyllid

Hall, David G.

doi:10.1111/jen.12466

Cited by 26 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…However, Ct values were significantly lower (indicating higher C Las titer) in infected females compared to infected males (P<0.001, Table 4 ), which supports field observations on the rate of infected D . citri in Florida [ 41 ]. Strikingly, D .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The quest for a non-vector psyllid: Natural variation in acquisition and transmission of the huanglongbing pathogen ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ by Asian citrus psyllid isofemale lines

et al. 2018

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Genetic variability in insect vectors is valuable to study vector competence determinants and to select non-vector populations that may help reduce the spread of vector-borne pathogens. We collected and tested vector competency of 15 isofemale lines of Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, vector of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (CLas). CLas is associated with huanglongbing (citrus greening), the most serious citrus disease worldwide. D. citri adults were collected from orange jasmine (Murraya paniculata) hedges in Florida, and individual pairs (females and males) were caged on healthy Murraya plants for egg laying. The progeny from each pair that tested CLas-negative by qPCR were maintained on Murraya plants and considered an isofemale line. Six acquisition tests on D. citri adults that were reared as nymphs on CLas-infected citrus, from various generations of each line, were conducted to assess their acquisition rates (percentage of qPCR-positive adults). Three lines with mean acquisition rates of 28 to 32%, were classified as ‘good’ acquirers and three other lines were classified as ‘poor’ acquirers, with only 5 to 8% acquisition rates. All lines were further tested for their ability to inoculate CLas by confining CLas-exposed psyllids for one week onto healthy citrus leaves (6–10 adults/leaf/week), and testing the leaves for CLas by qPCR. Mean inoculation rates were 19 to 28% for the three good acquirer lines and 0 to 3% for the three poor acquirer lines. Statistical analyses indicated positive correlations between CLas acquisition and inoculation rates, as well as between CLas titer in the psyllids and CLas acquisition or inoculation rates. Phenotypic and molecular characterization of one of the good and one of the poor acquirer lines revealed differences between them in color morphs and hemocyanin expression, but not the composition of bacterial endosymbionts. Understanding the genetic architecture of CLas transmission will enable the development of new tools for combating this devastating citrus disease.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been previously reported that substantial variability exists in the infection rate of in D . citri field populations [ 40 , 41 ], which can be attributed to genetics and/or environmental or host plant factors. In this work, we established D .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The quest for a non-vector psyllid: Natural variation in acquisition and transmission of the huanglongbing pathogen ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ by Asian citrus psyllid isofemale lines

et al. 2018

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“…Also, there were no gender related differences in the proportion of insects that were CLas-infected, inoculative, or in their CLas titer. Similarly, no gender differences were reported from laboratory reared, CLas-infected D citri adults 15 , 22 , but the proportion of infected females was generally higher than that of males in field-collected samples from Florida 29 . Since D. citri females live much longer than males 30 this might affect their rate of infectivity under field conditions, which may bias the proportion of infected psyllids slightly toward females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Asian citrus psyllid adults inoculate huanglongbing bacterium more efficiently than nymphs when this bacterium is acquired by early instar nymphs

Ammar

George

Sturgeon

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri) transmits the bacterium ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (CLas), which causes huanglongbing (citrus greening) disease, in a circulative-propagative manner. We compared CLas inoculation efficiency of D. citri nymphs and adults into healthy (uninfected) citron leaves when both vector stages were reared from eggs on infected plants. The proportion of CLas-positive leaves was 2.5% for nymphs and 36.3% for adults. CLas acquisition by early instar nymphs followed by dissections of adults and 4th instar nymphs revealed that CLas bacterium had moved into the head-thorax section (containing the salivary glands) in 26.7–30.0% of nymphs and 37–45% of adults. Mean Ct values in these sections were 31.6–32.9 and 26.8–27.0 for nymphs and adults, respectively. Therefore, CLas incidence and titer were higher in the head-thorax of adults than in nymphs. Our results suggest that following acquisition of CLas by early instar D. citri nymphs, emerging adults inoculate the bacteria into citrus more efficiently than nymphs because adults are afforded a longer latent period necessary for multiplication and/or translocation of CLas into the salivary glands of the vector. We propose that CLas uses D. citri nymphs mainly for pathogen acquisition and multiplication, and their adults mainly for pathogen inoculation and spread.

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“…Several previous studies have been conducted to investigate the population dynamics of ‘ Ca. L. asiaticus’ and its relation to root growth and flushing cycles of citrus and non-citrus hosts [ 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 , 142 ] as well as within the population of its vector, D. citri [ 140 , 143 ]. In addition, numerous studies focused on the association between citrus flushing cycles and the population dynamics and demography of D. citri [ 144 , 145 , 146 , 147 , 148 , 149 , 150 , 151 ].…”

Section: Association Between Citrus Flushing Cycles and Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the Complex Pathosystem of Huanglongbing: Deciphering the Role of Citrus Metabolites in Symptom Development

Nehela

Killiny

2020

Metabolites

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Huanglongbing (HLB), formerly known as citrus greening disease, is one of the most devastating bacterial diseases in citrus worldwide. HLB is caused by ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ bacterium and transmitted by Diaphorina citri. Both ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ and its vector manipulate the host metabolism to fulfill their nutritional needs and/or to neutralize the host defense responses. Herein, we discuss the history of HLB and the complexity of its pathosystem as well as the geographical distribution of its pathogens and vectors. Recently, our recognition of physiological events associated with ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ infection and/or D. citri-infestation has greatly improved. However, the roles of citrus metabolites in the development of HLB symptoms are still unclear. We believe that symptom development of HLB disease is a complicated process and relies on a multilayered metabolic network which is mainly regulated by phytohormones. Citrus metabolites play vital roles in the development of HLB symptoms through the modulation of carbohydrate metabolism, phytohormone homeostasis, antioxidant pathways, or via the interaction with other metabolic pathways, particularly involving amino acids, leaf pigments, and polyamines. Understanding how ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ and its vector, D. citri, affect the metabolic pathways of their host is critical for developing novel, sustainable strategies for HLB management.

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Incidence of “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” in a Florida population of Asian citrus psyllid

Abstract: The incidence of a bacterium "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus" was assessed in a

Cited by 26 publications

References 32 publications

The quest for a non-vector psyllid: Natural variation in acquisition and transmission of the huanglongbing pathogen ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ by Asian citrus psyllid isofemale lines

The quest for a non-vector psyllid: Natural variation in acquisition and transmission of the huanglongbing pathogen ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ by Asian citrus psyllid isofemale lines

Asian citrus psyllid adults inoculate huanglongbing bacterium more efficiently than nymphs when this bacterium is acquired by early instar nymphs

Revisiting the Complex Pathosystem of Huanglongbing: Deciphering the Role of Citrus Metabolites in Symptom Development

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