Incidence of female breast cancer in relation to prevalence of risk factors in Denmark

Abstract

The extent to which changes in prevalence of risk determinants for female breast cancer could explain the temporal variation in incidence was examined using incidence figures from Denmark for the years 1943-1989. Significant increases in incidence were observed for more recent time periods and birth cohorts. Using deviance statistics from Poisson regression measures of variability explained, only a small proportion of the increase in incidence could be accounted for by fertility rates, average age at menarche and exposure to exogenous hormones. Dietary factors, on the other hand, accounted for the greater proportion of the variation observed by time period or birth cohort. In particular, there was a strong positive association of incidence with alcohol consumption and a negative association with carbohydrate intake.

Attributable risks for breast cancer in Italy: Education, family history and reproductive and hormonal factors

“…J. Cancer, 70:159-163, 1997.r 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm in women in developed countries, though its rates vary considerably across different populations (Harris et al, 1992;Ewertz and Duffy, 1994;Levi et al, 1994;Lipworth, 1995). A role of several hormonal factors in terms of relative risks has been consistently reported (Henderson, 1993;Kelsey et al, 1993;Lipworth, 1995), and although the strength of the associations for each risk factor or their combinations is not very elevated, their variation may well at least partly explain the national differences in breast cancer incidence and mortality (La Vecchia and Pampallona, 1986;Harris et al, 1992).…”

Breast cancer incidence rates in Slovenia 1971–1993

“…Ewertz and Duffy 28 reported that the changes in the breast cancer incidence rates in Denmark for 1943-1989 could not be explained wholly by changes in fertility but that a considerable part may be explained by changes in dietary habits and alcohol consumption. They did not, however, use the most important reproductive predictor namely the percentage of nulliparous women.…”

Ruthenium Carbenes Supported on Mesoporous Silicas as Highly Active and Selective Hybrid Catalysts for Olefin Metathesis Reactions under Continuous Flow

“…Previously, we analyzed the trend in female breast cancer incidence in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan during 1959–1987, and indicated the importance of a period effect 5. At that time, although studies from the US and Nordic countries have reported significant cohort effects on breast cancer incidence,6, 7, 8 a cohort effect on incidence has been uncertain in Japan. We concluded that it might still take some time before the cohort effect emerges 5.…”