“…Based on estimates of relative risk (RR) generated from longitudinal studies that in-dicated no association or a significantly smaller association between traditional risk factors (eg, hypertension, high cholesterol level, and smoking) and CVD among black adults compared with white adults, early reports suggested that risk factors for CVD differed between ethnic groups. [3][4][5][6] However, the totality of more recent evidence reports a similar pattern and strength of association between risk factors and CVD in black patients and white patients. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Both early and more recent studies are subject to limitations based on restricted geographic diversity (studies based predominantly in the southern United States), small sample sizes, short follow-up, and uncontrolled confounding by socioeconomic differences between racial/ethnic groups.…”