Incidence of dsRNA Mycoviruses in a Collection of Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates

Bhatti, Muhammad Faraz; Jamal, Atif; Bignell, Elaine; Petrou, Michael F.; Coutts, Robert H.A.

doi:10.1007/s11046-012-9556-5

Cited by 26 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Extensive screens of many fungal species for the presence of dsRNA revealed that the incidence of mycoviral infection varies, with some cases even greater than 80% [7]. In our research and in accordance with previous reports [25], the incidence of dsRNA infection in U. virens was much higher (up to 97% in this study) than the incidence of other fungal species that were screened previously, such as Aspergillus fumigatus (6.6% incidence) [26], Beauveria bassiana (54.8% incidence) [27], Tolypocladium cylindrosporum [28], Epichloë festucae [29], Chalara elegans (up to 80% incidence) [30], Cryphonectria parasitica [31], Rosellinia necatrix [32,33], Helicobasidium mompa [33] and Heterobasidion sp. [34,35].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Mycoviruses in the Plant Pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens Are Not Correlated with the Genetic Backgrounds of Its Hosts

Zhong

Cheng

Gao

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Ustilaginoidea virens, the causal agent of rice false smut, is one of the most devastating grain diseases that causes loss of yield in most rice-growing areas worldwide. In this study, we performed a dsRNA screen to isolate mycoviruses from 35 U. virens strains. The results revealed that 34 of the tested isolates were infected by various dsRNA elements, displaying highly viral diversity and mixed infections. We characterized a 5.3 kbp dsRNA from a typical isolate containing dsRNA segments with sizes ranging from 0.5 to 5.3 kbp. Sequence analysis of its genomic properties indicated that it is a novel victorivirus, named Ustilaginoidea virens RNA virus 5 (UvRV5), that belongs to the family Totiviridae. RT-PCR detection was performed and indicated that not all the dsRNA bands that were 5.3 kbp in size contained UvRV5. Moreover, the genetic relatedness of all the U. virens strains was estimated according to phylogenetic analysis of the partial intergenic spacer region (IGS) sequences. However, concordance was not found between the dsRNA profiles and the IGS-based genetic relatedness of their host fungi.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Mycoviruses in the Plant Pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens Are Not Correlated with the Genetic Backgrounds of Its Hosts

Zhong

Cheng

Gao

et al. 2017

IJMS

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“…A. fumigatus (Nakazawa) strain Af293, Fungal Genetics Stock Center A1100, is a clinical isolate that contains four uncharacterized viral dsRNA elements (11). Strain NK125 is a virus-free strain obtained by cycloheximide treatment of strain Af293 as described by Bhatti et al (17), as verified by RT-PCR and northern hybridization analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During routine screening for RNA viruses in the human fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus, we discovered three dsRNA profiles in 366 clinical and environmental isolates ranging in size from ∼1.1 to 3.6 kbp (11). Two of the profiles were found to be representatives of respectively a chrysovirus nominated Aspergillus fumigatus chrysovirus (AfuCV) (12) and a partitivirus nominated Aspergillus fumigatus partitivirus 1 (AfuPV-1) (13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel mycovirus from Aspergillus fumigatus contains four unique dsRNAs as its genome and is infectious as dsRNA

Kanhayuwa

Kotta‐Loizou

Özkan

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We report the discovery and characterization of a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) mycovirus isolated from the human pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus fumigatus tetramycovirus-1 (AfuTmV-1), which reveals several unique features not found previously in positive-strand RNA viruses, including the fact that it represents the first dsRNA (to our knowledge) that is not only infectious as a purified entity but also as a naked dsRNA. The AfuTmV-1 genome consists of four capped dsRNAs, the largest of which encodes an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) containing a unique GDNQ motif normally characteristic of negative-strand RNA viruses. The third largest dsRNA encodes an S-adenosyl methionine–dependent methyltransferase capping enzyme and the smallest dsRNA a P-A-S–rich protein that apparently coats but does not encapsidate the viral genome as visualized by atomic force microscopy. A combination of a capping enzyme with a picorna-like RdRP in the AfuTmV-1 genome is a striking case of chimerism and the first example (to our knowledge) of such a phenomenon. AfuTmV-1 appears to be intermediate between dsRNA and positive-strand ssRNA viruses, as well as between encapsidated and capsidless RNA viruses.

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“…However, in a subsequent study, at least three different dsRNA profiles were observed following screening of more than 360 A. fumigatus isolates [12]. Three mycoviruses, Aspergillus fumigatus chrysovirus (AfuCV; [27]), Aspergillus fumigatus partitivirus (AfuPV-1; [10]) and Aspergillus fumigatus tetramycovirus - 1 (AfuTmV-1; [30]) have since been fully characterised and sequenced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile and functional analysis of small RNAs derived from Aspergillus fumigatus infected with double-stranded RNA mycoviruses

Özkan

Mohorianu

et al. 2017

BMC Genomics

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BackgroundMycoviruses are viruses that naturally infect and replicate in fungi. Aspergillus fumigatus, an opportunistic pathogen causing fungal lung diseases in humans and animals, was recently shown to harbour several different types of mycoviruses. A well-characterised defence against virus infection is RNA silencing. The A. fumigatus genome encodes essential components of the RNA silencing machinery, including Dicer, Argonaute and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) homologues. Active silencing of double-stranded (ds)RNA and the generation of small RNAs (sRNAs) has been shown for several mycoviruses and it is anticipated that a similar mechanism will be activated in A. fumigatus isolates infected with mycoviruses.ResultsTo investigate the existence and nature of A. fumigatus sRNAs, sRNA-seq libraries of virus-free and virus-infected isolates were created using Scriptminer adapters and compared. Three dsRNA viruses were investigated: Aspergillus fumigatus partitivirus-1 (AfuPV-1, PV), Aspergillus fumigatus chrysovirus (AfuCV, CV) and Aspergillus fumigatus tetramycovirus-1 (AfuTmV-1, NK) which were selected because they induce phenotypic changes such as coloration and sectoring. The dsRNAs of all three viruses, which included two conventionally encapsidated ones PV and CV and one unencapsidated example NK, were silenced and yielded characteristic vsiRNAs together with co-incidental silencing of host fungal genes which shared sequence homology with the viral genomes.ConclusionsVirus-derived sRNAs were detected and characterised in the presence of virus infection. Differentially expressed A. fumigatus microRNA-like (miRNA-like) sRNAs and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were detected and validated. Host sRNA loci which were differentially expressed as a result of virus infection were also identified. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the sRNA profiles of A. fumigatus isolates.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3773-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Incidence of dsRNA Mycoviruses in a Collection of Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates

Cited by 26 publications

References 10 publications

Mycoviruses in the Plant Pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens Are Not Correlated with the Genetic Backgrounds of Its Hosts

Mycoviruses in the Plant Pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens Are Not Correlated with the Genetic Backgrounds of Its Hosts

A novel mycovirus from Aspergillus fumigatus contains four unique dsRNAs as its genome and is infectious as dsRNA

Profile and functional analysis of small RNAs derived from Aspergillus fumigatus infected with double-stranded RNA mycoviruses

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