Incidence of Cymbidium mosaic virus and Odontoglossum ringspot virus in Dendrobium spp. in Thailand

Tissue disinfection for preparation of Dendrobium in vitro culture

“…Virus infection is another problem in orchids (Khentry et al 2006b) and the elimination of important viruses such as Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) and Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) is possible by seedling culture (Khentry et al 2006b), thin section culture (Lim et al 1993) and PLB culture (Chanprame et al 2011) combined or not with chemotherapy using ribavirin treatment. For example, Khentry et al (2006a) observed the occurrence of CymMV (but not ORSV) in six orchid genera, including in in vitro micropropagated plantlets of several Dendrobium cultivars ('Chanel', D. 'Chao Praya', D. 'Pravit White', D. 'Sakura' and D. 'Shawin White'), which displayed high rates of infection. Khentry et al (2006a) observed, in 14 Dendrobium cut flowers propagated by cuttings, that the rate of infection by CymMV ranged from 25-100% with a mean of 65.8% of samples infected, and in 29 cultivars propagated by tissue culture, a range of 0 to 100% of plantlets were infected, depending on the cultivar, with a mean of 18.6% of all samples infected.…”

“…For example, Khentry et al (2006a) observed the occurrence of CymMV (but not ORSV) in six orchid genera, including in in vitro micropropagated plantlets of several Dendrobium cultivars ('Chanel', D. 'Chao Praya', D. 'Pravit White', D. 'Sakura' and D. 'Shawin White'), which displayed high rates of infection. Khentry et al (2006a) observed, in 14 Dendrobium cut flowers propagated by cuttings, that the rate of infection by CymMV ranged from 25-100% with a mean of 65.8% of samples infected, and in 29 cultivars propagated by tissue culture, a range of 0 to 100% of plantlets were infected, depending on the cultivar, with a mean of 18.6% of all samples infected. CymMV was also detected in PLBs of Dendrobium 'Sonia' obtained from tissue culture laboratories in Thailand using RT-PCR (in 78% of samples) and ELISA (in 22% of samples), showing that RT-PCR was more sensitive at detecting systemic viruses in orchids (Khentry et al 2007).…”

“…Using meristem (0.1 to 1 mm) culture of Mokara Char Kuan 'Pink', Lim et al (1993) observed that regenerated plantlets from the culture of larger meristems remained infected by CymMV and ORSV while TLCs of infected plantlets and PLBs, when treated with ribavirin, were free of these viruses. Interestingly, few papers described or show advances in studies of these microorganisms, although contamination problems continue to be observed in commercial laboratories and commercial orchid nurseries (Khentry et al 2006a(Khentry et al , 2006b(Khentry et al , 2007 Fig. 1A, B, I-U).…”

Discovering Fragrance Biosynthesis Genes from Vanda Mimi Palmer Using the Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) Approach

“…So far, the identification of CymMV infection is done through serological, bioassay or electron microscopy. Those techniques include enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), dot-blot immunoassay (DBIA), rapid immunofilter paper assay (RIPA), immunosorbent electron microscope (ISEM), DIG-labelled cRNA probes, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), quartz crystal microbalance-based DNA biosensors and TaqMan real-time quantitative RT-PCR (Eun et al, 2002;Eun & Wong, 2000;Hsu et al, 1992;Hu et al, 1998;Khentry et al, 2006;Rani et al, 2010).…”

The morphogenetic capability and the viability of regenerants in micropropagated orchid hybrids infected with viral pathogens

“…Contemporary there have been identified numerous viruses infecting orchids, nevertheless CyMV and ORSV are commonly diagnosed in most genera belonging to the family Orchidaceae brought under cultivation. As a result Cymbidium mosaic and Odontoglossum ringspot viruses are considered to be a significant problem for horticulture production (Zettler et al 1990, Hu et al 1994, Geraci 1996, Wannakrairoj et al 2000, Siverio-Nunez 2001, Kroteyeva et al 2002, Barcial and Bajet 2003, Sherpa et al 2003, Grisoni et al 2004, Choi et al 2004, Novalinskiene et al 2005, Khentry et al 2006.…”