Incidence of cirrhosis in young birth cohorts in Canada from 1997 to 2016: a retrospective population-based study

Flemming, Jennifer A.; DeWit, Yvonne; Saperia, James; Groome, Patti A.; Booth, Christopher M.

doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(18)30339-x

Cited by 62 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…We found a higher proportion of hospitalized men compared to women, similar to another study [13], yet HEV seroprevalence research in Europe reported no gender difference [40,41]. No conclusive explanation has been provided but behavioral factors, food preferences and comorbidities (such as alcohol use disorder and chronic liver disease, more prevalent in men [42,43]) may have contributed to it.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

A comparison of hepatitis E and A in a teaching hospital in Northwestern Romania. Acute hepatitis E – a mild disease?

Istrate

Radulescu

2020

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

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Background and aims. The incidence of locally acquired hepatitis E has increased in recent years across Europe. There are only few data on hepatitis E in Romania. The purpose of our research was to describe and compare hepatitis E and hepatitis A in adult patients. Methods. We included all consecutive adult patients with hepatitis E and hepatitis A admitted to the Teaching Hospital of Infectious Diseases, Cluj-Napoca, Romania between January 2017 and August 2019. Results. Hepatitis E incidence increased in 2018-2019 compared to 2017. The average age in hepatitis E (n=48) patients was 50.6 versus 39.1 years in hepatitis A (n=152, not including 262 minors) and two-thirds of the patients in both groups were men. Compared to hepatitis A, patients with hepatitis E presented significantly less modified AST and ALT, bilirubin, prothrombin index and INR levels. We found more comorbidities in hepatitis E patients adjusted for age and gender. Severe forms were found in 5 (3.3%) hepatitis A patients, compared to 12 (25%) of hepatitis E patients, of which 3 died. Ribavirin treatment was considered in 9 patients with acute-on-chronic hepatitis E, immunosuppression, cancers or neurological manifestations, showing good results. Conclusions. We observed an increased number of hepatitis E cases. Although laboratory results were less modified compared to hepatitis A, we found a higher number of severe hepatitis E cases. Ribavirin treatment seems to be beneficial in patients with preexisting conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

A comparison of hepatitis E and A in a teaching hospital in Northwestern Romania. Acute hepatitis E – a mild disease?

Istrate

Radulescu

2020

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

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“…This finding is compatible with previous reports for the USA and Canada. 31,32 Our results show that the numbers of deaths and DALYs due to cirrhosis increased globally between 1990 and 2017. The increase in numbers was primarily driven by population growth and ageing across the globe, specifically in low-income and middle-income countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

The global, regional, and national burden of cirrhosis by cause in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Sepanlou¹,

Safiri²,

Bisignano³

et al. 2020

The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology

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528

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Background Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases (collectively referred to as cirrhosis in this paper) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, although the burden and underlying causes differ across locations and demographic groups. We report on results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017 on the burden of cirrhosis and its trends since 1990, by cause, sex, and age, for 195 countries and territories. Methods We used data from vital registrations, vital registration samples, and verbal autopsies to estimate mortality. We modelled prevalence of total, compensated, and decompensated cirrhosis on the basis of hospital and claims data. Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were calculated as the sum of years of life lost due to premature death and years lived with disability. Estimates are presented as numbers and age-standardised or age-specific rates per 100 000 population, with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). All estimates are presented for five causes of cirrhosis: hepatitis B, hepatitis C, alcohol-related liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and other causes. We compared mortality, prevalence, and DALY estimates with those expected according to the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) as a proxy for the development status of regions and countries. Findings In 2017, cirrhosis caused more than 1•32 million (95% UI 1•27-1•45) deaths (440 000 [416 000-518 000; 33•3%] in females and 883 000 [838 000-967 000; 66•7%] in males) globally, compared with less than 899 000 (829 000-948 000) deaths in 1990. Deaths due to cirrhosis constituted 2•4% (2•3-2•6) of total deaths globally in 2017 compared with 1•9% (1•8-2•0) in 1990. Despite an increase in the number of deaths, the age-standardised death rate decreased from 21•0 (19•2-22•3) per 100 000 population in 1990 to 16•5 (15•8-18•1) per 100 000 population in 2017. Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest age-standardised death rate among GBD super-regions for all years of the study period (32•2 [25•8-38•6] deaths per 100 000 population in 2017), and the high-income super-region had the lowest (10•1 [9•8-10•5] deaths per 100 000 population in 2017). The age-standardised death rate decreased or remained constant from 1990 to 2017 in all GBD regions except eastern Europe and central Asia, where the age-standardised death rate increased, primarily due to increases in alcohol-related liver disease prevalence. At the national level, the age-standardised death rate of cirrhosis was lowest in Singapore in 2017 (3•7 [3•3-4•0] per 100 000 in 2017) and highest in Egypt in all years since 1990 (103•3 [64•4-133•4] per 100 000 in 2017). There were 10•6 million (10•3-10•9) prevalent cases of decompensated cirrhosis and 112 million (107-119) prevalent cases of compensated cirrhosis globally in 2017. There was a significant increase in age-standardised prevalence rate of decompensated cirrhosis between 1990 and 2017. Cirrhosis caused by NASH had a steady age-standardised death rate throughout the study period, whereas the ot...

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“…Chronic liver disease (CLD) and cirrhosis are the 12th leading causes of death globally [1] and over the past two decades, both the incidence of and mortality from cirrhosis have steadily increased in North America. [2][3][4] The majority of causes of CLD and cirrhosis have their own distinct epidemiology and natural history with treatment recommendations and outcomes being influenced largely by the underlying etiology. Therefore, the ability to define the cause of CLD and cirrhosis is important both in clinical practice and for clinical research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a hierarchical algorithm to define chronic liver disease and cirrhosis etiology in administrative healthcare data

et al. 2020

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Background and aimsChronic liver disease (CLD) and cirrhosis are leading causes of death globally with the burden of disease rising significantly over the past several decades. Defining the etiology of liver disease is important for understanding liver disease epidemiology, healthcare planning, and outcomes. The aim of this study was to validate a hierarchical algorithm for CLD and cirrhosis etiology in administrative healthcare data. MethodsConsecutive patients with CLD or cirrhosis attending an outpatient hepatology clinic in Ontario, Canada from 05/01/2013-08/31/2013 underwent detailed chart abstraction. Gold standard liver disease etiology was determined by an attending hepatologist as hepatitis C (HCV), hepatitis B (HBV), alcohol-related, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/cryptogenic, autoimmune or hemochromatosis. Individual data was linked to routinely collected administrative healthcare data at ICES. Diagnostic accuracy of a hierarchical algorithm incorporating both laboratory and administrative codes to define etiology was evaluated by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV), and kappa's agreement.

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Incidence of cirrhosis in young birth cohorts in Canada from 1997 to 2016: a retrospective population-based study

Cited by 62 publications

References 45 publications

A comparison of hepatitis E and A in a teaching hospital in Northwestern Romania. Acute hepatitis E – a mild disease?

A comparison of hepatitis E and A in a teaching hospital in Northwestern Romania. Acute hepatitis E – a mild disease?

The global, regional, and national burden of cirrhosis by cause in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Validation of a hierarchical algorithm to define chronic liver disease and cirrhosis etiology in administrative healthcare data

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