Incidence of central serous chorioretinopathy (2011–2018): a nationwide population-based cohort study of Japan

Abstract

AimsThe aim of this study was to elucidate the epidemiological background of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), including its incidence and treatment pattern.MethodsThis was a population-based longitudinal cohort study using a nationwide health insurance claims database of the Japan Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW). As Japan employs universal health coverage, the database covers more than 95% of claims issued in Japan. We accessed all data stored in the database with permission from the MHLW. We traced all individuals aged 30 years or older and identified individuals with new onset of CSC between January 2011 and December 2018. CSC cases were categorised by age and sex for each year, and incidence rate was calculated. We also identified major treatments for CSC to elucidate the initial treatment pattern.ResultsDuring the 8-year period, 247 930 incidences of CSC were identified, among which 75.9% were men. The crude incidence rate (per 100 000 person-years) in the general population aged 30 years or older was 34.0 (95% CI 33.9 to 34.2), in men was 54.2 (95% CI 53.9 to 54.4) and in women was 15.7 (95% CI 15.5 to 15.8). The mean age of onset was lower in men than in women (50.5±12.5 years vs 54.7±13.5 years). Most of the patients with newly diagnosed CSC (86.8%) did not receive major treatment.ConclusionsThe current study provides the nationwide population-based evidence to clarify the detailed epidemiology of CSC. These results could help to understand the pathogenesis and mechanisms of CSC in the future.

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“…Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a relatively common cause of vision loss, which predominantly affects men aged 30–60 years (Kido et al, 2021) and is considered the fourth most common maculopathy due to central fluid leakage, after neovascular age‐related macular degeneration, diabetic macula oedema and retinal venous occlusion (van Rijssen et al, 2019). A broad range of clinical pictures associated with macular subretinal fluid (SRF) can resemble CSC and can be differentiated from CSC based on thorough clinical (and sometimes genetic) analysis including multimodal imaging (van Dijk & Boon, 2021).…”