Incidence of Aphid-Transmitted Viruses in Farmer-Based Seed Potato Production in Kenya

Muthomi, James W.; Nyaga, J. N.; Olubayo, F; Nderitu, JH; Kabira, Jackson N.; Kiretai, S. M.; Aura, J; Wakahiu, M

doi:10.3923/ajps.2009.166.171

Cited by 17 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…Ali et al [8] and Islam et al [29] also revealed varied virus disease incidences in different potato varieties. Similar results were reported by [5,8,30] This may be because these genotypes had almost reached their optimal virus infection levels in FG3 compared to other genotypes used in the study [31].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Response of Selected Potato Genotypes to Natural Virus Infection in the Field

Okeyo

Narla

Otieno

et al. 2019

AJRCS

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Potato viruses are one of the major biotic factors causing high yield losses in potato production fields. In contrast to other disease causing pathogens, potato viruses’ lack well documented chemical control strategy and hence difficult to control once established in the field. The aim of the study was to assess the reaction of different potato genotypes to natural virus infection in the field. The present study was carried out on 12 potato genotypes (7 CIP clones and 5 commercial varieties) at the Field Station of the University of Nairobi, Upper Kabete campus Kenya in two potato growth seasons. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) of 4 replications was adopted with 12 treatments. Data was collected on percent crop emergence, disease incidence, growth and yield performance. At the end of season 2, tubers were sampled randomly per genotype and tested for presence of viruses using CIP DAS-ELISA kit. Analysis of variance on different parameters revealed varied response of each genotype to virus infection in the field in both seasons. Four potato viruses: PVS (67%), PVY (20%), PLRV (12%) and PVM (7%), were detected infecting tested potato tubers either as single or as multiple infections. The results revealed that four clones: 392797.22, 393371.157, 398190.200 and 397073.7 had high levels of tolerance to virus infection. Therefore further studies should be done to understand whether they possess quantitative or qualitative resistant traits to specific potato viruses and other biotic factors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Among pests and diseases, potato viruses have been reported a major constraint in potato production fields [5,6]. Infection of seed potato tubers with viruses has led to high yield losses by up to 68% in potato fields free from bacterial and fungal diseases [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Selected Potato Genotypes to Natural Virus Infection in the Field

Okeyo

Narla

Otieno

et al. 2019

AJRCS

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“…PVM and PVS were found to be abundant in farmer based seed systems in Kenya (Muthomi et al 2009), while PVA was found to be common in seed tubers sold at Kenyan rural markets (Gildemacher et al 2007b). PVA is often not considered to cause serious damage, but can cause severe symptoms in combination with PVY or PVX (Nganga and Shideler 1982), a common combination of infections in farmer fields in Kenya (Gildemacher et al 2009a).…”

Section: Possible Additional Mechanisms Contributing To the Effect Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Seed Health and Seed Performance by Positive Selection in Three Kenyan Potato Varieties

2012

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Selecting seed potatoes from healthy-looking mother plants (positive selection) was compared with common Kenyan farmer practice of selection from the harvested bulk of potatoes (farmer selection) in 23 farmer-managed trials. Positive selection assured lower incidences of PLRV (39%), PVY (35%) and PVX (35%). Positive selection outyielded farmer selection irrespective of the agro-ecology, crop management, soil fertility, variety and quality of the starter seed, with an overall average of 30%. Regression analysis showed a relation between lower virus incidence and higher yield for the varieties. The paper discusses the consequences for seed system management in African countries. Furthermore possible additional effects of positive selection are discussed and further research is suggested. The paper concludes that positive selection can benefit all smallholder potato producers who at some stage select seed potatoes from their own fields, and should thus be incorporated routinely in agricultural extension efforts.Resumen Se compararon las selecciones de papa-semilla de plantas donadoras aparentemente sanas (selección positiva) con la práctica común de selección por el productor Keniano del grupo de papas cosechadas a granel (selección del agricultor) en 23 ensayos manejados por los productores. La selección positiva aseguró incidencias mas bajas de PLRV (39%), PVY (35%) y PVX (35%). La selección positiva superó en rendimiento a la selección del agricultor independientemente de la agro-ecología, manejo del cultivo, fertilidad del suelo, variedad, y calidad de la semilla original, con un porcentaje general de 30%. El análisis de regresión demostró una relación entre incidencia viral más baja y rendimiento más alto para las variedades. Este artículo discute las consecuencias del manejo del sistema de semillas en países africanos. Posteriormente se discuten los posibles efectos adicionales de la selección positiva y la sugerencia de más investigación. El artículo concluye que la selección positiva puede beneficiar a todos los productores pequeños de papa que en alguna etapa seleccionen papa-semilla de sus propios campos, y podrían así ser incorporados rutinariamente en los esfuerzos de la extensión agrícola.

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“…Different authors have reported high levels of susceptibility to viruses in major potato varieties grown in Kenya with corresponding major yield losses (Machangi et al, 2004;Nyaga, 2008;Muthomi et al, 2009;Onditi et al, 2011;SchulteGeldermannet al, 2012). Majority of farmers in Kenya are smallholders whose knowledge of virus management is often limited (Gildermacher et al, 2011).In addition, certified seed tubers have been costly and scarce (Gildermacher et al 2011) due to high incidence of diseases, mainly viruses in seed production systems (Nderitu and Mueke, 1986;Machangi et al, 2004;Muthomi et al, 2009).…”

Section: Management Strategies Of Potato Viruses In Kenyamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Majority of farmers in Kenya are smallholders whose knowledge of virus management is often limited (Gildermacher et al, 2011).In addition, certified seed tubers have been costly and scarce (Gildermacher et al 2011) due to high incidence of diseases, mainly viruses in seed production systems (Nderitu and Mueke, 1986;Machangi et al, 2004;Muthomi et al, 2009). …”

Section: Management Strategies Of Potato Viruses In Kenyamentioning

confidence: 99%

Potato virus Y (PVY) and potato virus X (PVX) resistance breeding in Kenya: applicability of conventional approaches

Onditi¹,

Njoroge²

2013

ABJNA

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Potato virus Y (PVX) and potato virus X (PVX) are among the most important viruses of the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) crop worldwide. The use of virus resistant varieties is considered the most effective and sustainable long term way of minimizing crop losses associated with the viruses. In Kenya, major potato varieties grown do not have effective host resistance to the two viruses. Among the different types of virus resistances available, extreme resistance has been found to be durable and most effective. This type of resistance protects the plant against all strains of the virus and has been found particularly for PVY and PVX. Nature of inheritance of extreme resistance genes make it easy to transfer to cultivated varieties through conventional cross breeding. Screening for the two viruses is cheap, simple and straight forward due to the fewer number of genes involved. In major potato breeding programmes around the world, this type of resistance has been incorporated in many cultivated potato varieties with reported reduction in yield losses. Focus on sourcing of suitable parents, hybridization and screening for the two viruses can make a significant contribution in management of the two locally important viruses while reducing virus related crop losses.

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Incidence of Aphid-Transmitted Viruses in Farmer-Based Seed Potato Production in Kenya

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Response of Selected Potato Genotypes to Natural Virus Infection in the Field

Response of Selected Potato Genotypes to Natural Virus Infection in the Field

Improving Seed Health and Seed Performance by Positive Selection in Three Kenyan Potato Varieties

Potato virus Y (PVY) and potato virus X (PVX) resistance breeding in Kenya: applicability of conventional approaches

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