Incidence of Anxiety in Parkinson's Disease During the Coronavirus Disease (COVID‐19) Pandemic

Parkinson's Disease Symptoms Have a Distinct Impact on Caregivers' and Patients' Stress: A Study Assessing the Consequences of the COVID‐19 Lockdown

“…The COVID‐19 related confinement period resulted in an additional load of pressure on the caregivers especially caused by patients' nonmotor symptoms belonging to the neuropsychiatric and autonomic domain. Only anxiety was a significant determinant of worsening stress in patients with PD, as recently reported 2 . Limitations of our study are the small sample size and the use of telephone interviews.…”

“…The high morbidity and mortality rates of COVID‐19 have led many countries to impose a lockdown as an extreme measure to prevent contagion. Accordingly, concerns were raised about the worsening of symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) 1–3 as well as for their caregivers' mental health. We hypothesized that different PD features may impact on patients' and caregivers' stress under lockdown.…”

Enfermedad de Parkinson y covid-19: una pandemia en medio de otra

“…También se ha planteado la hipótesis del papel de la dopamina en los mecanismos óptimos de afrontamiento, cuyo agotamiento puede conducir a un mayor estrés y una sensación de pérdida de control en pacientes con EP. Por lo tanto, casi el 40-50% también tiene ansiedad y depresión clínicamente significativas que pueden empeorar aún más, ya sea al recibir un diagnóstico de covid-19 o incluso al ser sometidos al autoaislamiento (29); estos problemas comprenden "dolores ocultos" en pacientes con EP. El aumento del estrés en estos pacientes no solo puede exacerbar los síntomas motores como las discinesias y los bloqueos de la marcha, sino que también reduce la eficacia de los medicamentos dopaminérgicos, incluso, puede llevar Enfermedad de Parkinson y covid-19: una pandemia en medio de otra a los pacientes a un estado rigidoacinético latente (30).…”

Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Cognition in Parkinson's Disease

“…Contradictory results have been reported on COVID-19 risk and mortality in patients with PD, [4][5][6] but few studies focused on the possible indirect impact in this population. 2,7 As the acute phase of the crisis subsided, from June 1, 2020, to July 15, 2020, at the Movement Disorders outpatient clinic in Pisa, Italy, we saw 28 patients with PD with cognitive disturbances (10 patients with PD with subjective cognitive impairment, 10 patients with PD with mild cognitive impairment, and 8 patients with PD with dementia) ( Table 1). To minimize the effect of PD progression on the change in cognition, in this report we included only patients who performed their last clinical assessment (visit 1) in the 2 months preceding the 7 but it should also be emphasized that almost all such patients interrupted exercise programs and cognitive training interventions, which are helpful to maintain cognitive health in PD.…”

“…2,7 As the acute phase of the crisis subsided, from June 1, 2020, to July 15, 2020, at the Movement Disorders outpatient clinic in Pisa, Italy, we saw 28 patients with PD with cognitive disturbances (10 patients with PD with subjective cognitive impairment, 10 patients with PD with mild cognitive impairment, and 8 patients with PD with dementia) ( Table 1). To minimize the effect of PD progression on the change in cognition, in this report we included only patients who performed their last clinical assessment (visit 1) in the 2 months preceding the 7 but it should also be emphasized that almost all such patients interrupted exercise programs and cognitive training interventions, which are helpful to maintain cognitive health in PD. 2,8 Social distancing and confinement have drastically changed the way of life for patients with PD, breaking regular support systems, increasing physical inactivity, and disrupting daily life routines.…”