Incidence of adult T‐cell leukemia‐lymphoma and its familial clustering

Kondo, Toshifumi; Nonaka, Hiroshi; Miyamoto, Naoaki; Yoshida, Ryoichi; Matsue, Yasuhiro; Ohguchi, Yoshito; Inouye, Hiroo; Komoda, Haruko; Hinuma, Yoyo; Hanaoka, Masao

doi:10.1002/ijc.2910350609

Cited by 50 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Thirteen of them were designed to identify or explain family aggregation, including 10 cross-sectional studies (Kondo et al, 1985; Matsuo et al, 1989; Kayembe et al, 1990; Tajima, 1990; Bhigjee et al, 1995; Iwanaga et al, 1995; Pombo-de-Oliveira et al, 2001; Cabada et al, 2007; Alvarez et al, 2014; Nozuma et al, 2014), two reviews (Manns and Qasba, 1999; Shoeibi et al, 2013), and one cohort study (Iwanaga et al, 2010). The remaining 61 records were either case reports or reports of family clusters that were identified within other epidemiological studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Aggregation of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus 1-Associated Diseases: A Systematic Review

Álvarez¹,

Gotuzzo

Vandamme

et al. 2016

Front. Microbiol.

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Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus that produces a persistent infection. Two transmission routes (from mother to child and via sexual intercourse) favor familial clustering of HTLV-1. It is yet unknown why most HTLV-1 carriers remain asymptomatic while about 10% of them develop complications. HTLV-1 associated diseases were originally described as sporadic entities, but familial presentations have been reported. To explore what is known about family aggregation of HTLV-1-associated diseases we undertook a systematic review. We aimed at answering whether, when, and where family aggregation of HTLV-1-associated diseases was reported, which relatives were affected and which hypotheses were proposed to explain aggregation. We searched MEDLINE, abstract books of HTLV conferences and reference lists of selected papers. Search terms used referred to HTLV-1 infection, and HTLV-1-associated diseases, and family studies. HTLV-1-associated diseases considered are adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), HTLV-1-associated uveitis, and infective dermatitis. Seventy-four records reported HTLV-1-associated diseases in more than one member of the same family and were included. Most reports came from HTLV-1-endemic countries, mainly Japan (n = 30) and Brazil (n = 10). These reports described a total of 270 families in which more than one relative had HTLV-1-associated diseases. In most families, different family members suffered from the same disease (n = 223). The diseases most frequently reported were ATLL (115 families) and HAM/TSP (102 families). Most families (n = 144) included two to four affected individuals. The proportion of ATLL patients with family history of ATLL ranged from 2 to 26%. The proportion of HAM/TSP patients with family history of HAM/TSP ranged from 1 to 48%. The predominant cluster types for ATLL were clusters of siblings and parent-child pairs and for HAM/TSP, an affected parent with one or more affected children. The evidence in the literature, although weak, does suggest that HTLV-1-associated diseases sometimes cluster in families. Whether familial transmission of HTLV-1 is the only determining factor, or whether other factors are also involved, needs further research.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Aggregation of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus 1-Associated Diseases: A Systematic Review

Álvarez¹,

Gotuzzo

Vandamme

et al. 2016

Front. Microbiol.

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“…A series of cross-sectional survey for residents in Uwajima City (population size; 290, 464, HTLV-1-positive rate; 5.4% in men and 8.3% in women) reported that the annual incidence of ATL was estimated to be approximately 6.1 in adults aged over 30 years per 100,000 populations (Kondo et al, 1985, 1987, 1989). In another cross-sectional studies by the use of the regional cancer registry data in Nagasaki prefecture (an endemic area, the population size; 1.56 million), the age-standardized annual incidence rate of ATL (among 100,000 individuals aged 30 or older) was estimated to be 10.5 for men and 6.0 for women during 1985–1995 (Arisawa et al, 2000) and 8.7 for men and 5.5 for women during 1995–2004 (Arisawa et al, 2009).…”

Section: Incidence and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Adult T-Cell Leukemia: A Review of Epidemiological Evidence

2012

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Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is an aggressive T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1) infection and often occurs in HTLV-1-endemic areas, such as southwestern Japan, the Caribbean islands, Central and South America, Intertropical Africa, and Middle East. To date, many epidemiological studies have been conducted to investigate the incidence of ATL among general population or HTLV-1 carriers and to identify a variety of laboratory, molecular, and host-specific markers to be possible predictive factors for developing ATL because HTLV-1 infection alone is not sufficient to develop ATL. This literature review focuses on the epidemiology of ATL and the risk factors for the development of ATL from HTLV-1 carriers, while keeping information on the epidemiology of HTLV-1 to a minimum. The main lines of epidemiological evidence are: (1) ATL occurs mostly in adults, at least 20–30 years after the HTLV-1 infection, (2) age at onset differs across geographic areas: the average age in the Central and South America (around 40 years old) is younger than that in Japan (around 60 years old), (3) ATL occurs in those infected in childhood, but seldom occurs in those infected in adulthood, (4) male carriers have about a three- to fivefold higher risk of developing ATL than female, (5) the estimated lifetime risk of developing ATL in HTLV-1 carriers is 6–7% for men and 2–3% for women in Japan, (6) a low anti-Tax reactivity, a high soluble interleukin-2 receptor level, a high anti-HTLV-1 titer, and high levels of circulating abnormal lymphocytes and white blood cell count are accepted risk factors for the development of ATL, and (7) a higher proviral load (more than 4 copies/100 peripheral blood mononuclear cells) is an independent risk factor for progression of ATL. Nevertheless, the current epidemiological evidence is insufficient to fully understand the oncogenesis of ATL. Further well-designed epidemiological studies are needed.

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“…The diagnosis of T-cell lymphoma in two brothers provides further support of the familial pattern of this disease. Two cases each of ATL from five families for a total of 10 cases were reported from the Uwajima district in Japan (Kondo et al, 1985). Another study in the Nagasaki district identified 16 families, each with two or more cases of ATL, usually including parent-child or sibling relationships (Ichimaru et al, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human T‐cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV‐I) antibodies in pre‐diagnostic serum of patients with familial adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL)

Nomura

Yanagihara

Blattner

et al. 1990

Hematological Oncology

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In a study of 7498 American men of Japanese ancestry in Hawaii, 26 incident cases of leukemia or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were identified after a follow-up period of 19 years. Two of the cases, who were brothers, were diagnosed with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). Both of these brothers had human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) antibodies in their stored serum which were obtained 4 and 18 years before diagnosis. None of the 24 patients with other hematologic malignancies or the 26 matched controls were HTLV-I antibody positive. This finding lends further support for a role of HTLV-I in the etiology of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.

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Incidence of adult T‐cell leukemia‐lymphoma and its familial clustering

Cited by 50 publications

References 17 publications

Family Aggregation of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus 1-Associated Diseases: A Systematic Review

Family Aggregation of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus 1-Associated Diseases: A Systematic Review

Adult T-Cell Leukemia: A Review of Epidemiological Evidence

Human T‐cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV‐I) antibodies in pre‐diagnostic serum of patients with familial adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL)

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