Incidence and trends of childhood Type 1 diabetes worldwide 1990–1999

Abstract

Aims To examine incidence and trends of Type 1 diabetes worldwide for the period 1990-1999.Methods The incidence of Type 1 diabetes (per 100 000/year) was analysed in children aged ≤ 14 years from 114 populations in 112 centres in 57 countries. Trends in the incidence of Type 1 diabetes were analysed by fitting Poisson regression models to the dataset.Results A total of 43 013 cases were diagnosed in the study populations of 84 million children. The age-adjusted incidence of Type 1 diabetes among 112 centres (114 populations) varied from 0.1 per 100 000/year in China and Venezuela to 40.9 per 100 000/year in Finland. The average annual increase in incidence calculated from 103 centres was 2.8% (95% CI 2.4 -3.2%). During the years 1990-1994, this increase was 2.4% (95% CI 1.3-3.4%) and during the second study period of 1995-1999 it was slightly higher at 3.4% (95% CI 2.7-4.3%). The trends estimated for continents showed statistically significant increases all over the world (4.0% in Asia, 3.2% in Europe and 5.3% in North America), except in Central America and the West Indies where the trend was a decrease of 3.6%. Only among the European populations did the trend in incidence diminish with age. ConclusionsThe rising incidence of Type 1 diabetes globally suggests the need for continuous monitoring of incidence by using standardized methods in order to plan or assess prevention strategies. Diabet. Med. 23, 857-866 (2006) Keywords epidemiology, geographical distribution, incidence, trend, Type 1 diabetes In this study we investigated the age-and sex-specific incidence of Type 1 diabetes and trends in incidence between 1990 and 1999 worldwide.

HLA-haplotypes and the risk of developing diabetes of type 1 diabetes in the native population of the Nenets Autonomous district

“…Tamara L. Kuraeva 1,3 , Leonid A. Zubov 2 , Elena V. Titovich Генетика Genetics ыраженная вариабельность заболеваемости са-харным диабетом 1 типа (СД1), наблюдаемая в разных регионах в мире, может быть объяснена генетическими различиями разных популяций и факто-рами окружающей среды [1,2]. Популяционные моле-кулярно-генетические исследования позволяют оценить влияние генетических факторов на уровень заболева-емости в разных популяциях и прогнозировать ее ди-намику при изменении внешнесредовых факторов [3].…”

Changes in Diet and Lifestyle may Lower the Risk of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Children-Environmental Factors Influencing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Morbidity

“…On contrary, another worth mentioning theory is the viral hypothesis stating that some viruses (such as enteroviruses, rubella virus, mumps virus, rotaviruses) may trigger or accelerate the autoimmune response and lead to the outburst of type 1 diabetes [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. However, the evidence-based data concerning the influence of viral infections on the incidence of type 1 diabetes are still limited.…”

Epidemiology of Childhood Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Lessons from Central and Eastern European Data

“…According to a popular belief, the epidemiology of childhood type 1 diabetes (T1DM) could be reduced to the almost universally present growth in incidence, the wide variation among populations (both phenomena actually exist [1]), and a plethora of studies identifying minor environmental modifiers of the disease risk that change the likelihood of developing diabetes by single percentage points at the best. The disease has several features that make it especially suitable for epidemiological research: (1) there are virtually no undiagnosed living children; (2) T1DM care is mostly well organized and centralized; (3) a large proportion of patients are diagnosed in childhood, making parent samples feasible for genetic research, and (4) patient/family memories are relatively more recent, so there is better recall of past exposures to candidate environmental triggers or accelerators of the prediabetic process.…”