Incidence and risk factors of neonatal hypothermia at referral hospitals in Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran

Zayeri, Farid; Kazemnejad, Anoushirvan; Ganjali, Mojtaba; Babaei, Gholamreza; Nayeri, F

doi:10.26719/2007.13.6.1308

Cited by 46 publications

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“…The incidence of primary hypothermiaFan independent morbidity that presents as a result of cold stressFis high immediately following birth in hospital settings. [11][12][13][14]16,20,[58][59][60] Few studies have addressed aspects surrounding the birth and postpartum care that can put the newborn at risk for hypothermia. 9,16,57,61 In one village-based study in India, 11% of 189 neonates were found to be hypothermic (<35.6 1C) based on a single temperature reading taken within the first 24 h after birth.…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Neonatal Hypothermiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal hypothermia in low resource settings: a review

et al. 2009

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Background: Hypothermia is increasingly recognized as a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in resource poor settings. High prevalence of hypothermia has been reported widely from warmer high mortality regions of Africa and South Asia. The World Health Organization recognizes newborn thermal care as a critical and essential component of essential newborn care; however, hypothermia continues to remain under-documented, under-recognized and under-managed.Objective: This review aims to provide a thorough patho-physioepidemiological discussion of neonatal hypothermia applied to local risk factors within the developing country context with particular emphasis on prevention, recognition and management.Method: All available published literature on neonatal hypothermia relevant to resource poor settings were reviewed. Studies from the developing country settings were primarily reviewed for epidemiology, domiciliary risk factors as well as potential interventions for thermal care.Result and Discussion: Functional integrity and efficiency of biological systems is critically dependent on an optimal and very narrow range of core body temperature. Risk factors for neonatal hypothermia differ markedly within low resource settings. A combination of physiological, behavioral and environmental factors universally put all newborns, irrespective of birth weight, at risk of hypothermia. The knowledge deficit along the continuum from health providers to primary care givers has sustained the silent epidemic of hypothermia. The challenges of recognition, understanding of local risk factors and communication have meant a lack of informed thermal care for newborns. Simple, feasible interventions exist, but need to be applied, based on local risk factors that disrupt the warm chain. Further research is needed to document local risk factors, develop better techniques for recognition, evaluation of thermal care within essential newborn care and communication strategies for program effectiveness. Keywords: hypothermia; skin-to-skin care; warm chain; community; newborn; neonatal health Introduction 'If a definition of life were required, it must be most clearly on that capacity, by which the animal preserves its proper heat under the various degrees of temperature of the medium in which it livesy a few degrees of increase or diminution of the heat of the system, produces disease and death' said James Currie some two centuries ago, recognizing the central importance of temperature regulation in health. 1 Although folklore associated with increased temperature or fever has been recorded throughout history across virtually every culture and civilization, a recognition of hypothermia and its clinical significance, particularly for newborn health is a relatively recent advance. 1,2 Moreover, progress toward thermal care of newborns in developed countries has far outstripped knowledge and practice in developing country settings, where 99% of global neonatal deaths occur. 3,4 Hypothermia during the newborn period is widely regarded as a...

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Section: Pathophysiology Of Neonatal Hypothermiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal hypothermia in low resource settings: a review

et al. 2009

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“…All identified studies from Africa to date are hospital based, report poor newborn practices and high prevalences of newborn hypothermia ranging from 44% to 69% in Zambia [25,26] to 53% in Ethiopia [27], 62% to 68% in Nigeria [28], and 85% in Zimbabwe [29]. Large studies from other countries confirm the global tendency for newborn hypothermia in different climate conditions, from Asia (China) (cited in [30]), [31], the Middle East (Iran) [32,33] and South America (Brazil) [34].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…An infant's low body temperature is also associated with having a young and inexperienced mother, coming from a family with low socioeconomic status [55], or being born to a mother who already had multiple births [32].…”

Section: Socioeconomic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several conditions of immature thermal regulation, such as LBW, prematurity, intrauterine growth restriction, and asphyxia (with heat loss due to lack of oxygenation and, where attempted, during reanimation efforts) during birth are significantly associated with an abnormal low body temperature [31,32,40,42,43]. Hypoglycemia is an important contributor to hypothermia [44], and vice versa: it maintains a vicious circle, which leads to feeding weakness, weight loss and finally increased mortality, which first was shown in studies in the 1950s and 1960s [45].…”

Section: Physiologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypothermia and Related Factors in High-Risk Infants

안영미¹,

손민²,

김남희³

et al. 2017

Child Health Nurs Res

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“…8 In a study carried out on 313 consecutive newborn infants admitted to a neonatal unit in Harare, Zimbabwe, the prevalence of hypothermia on admission was 85%, with a mean axillary temperature of 34.3°C. In this case hypothermia was defined as an axillary temperature less than 36°C.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiological procedure induced heat loss in neonatal patients' transfer to the radiology department: implications for hypothermia

Chingarande¹,

Matiki²

2012

Radiographer

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Purpose: The objectives of this survey were to determine temperature differences within the neonatal unit thermal environment and the radiographic room thermal environment; to measure how much time in minutes the infant spends outside the neonatal unit thermal environment during a radiographic examination carried out in the radiology department and to measure the amount of heat lost by the infant in the process. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted over a period of two months. Twenty two neonates, aged between one and 30 days, were included in the study. The neonate's body temperature before and after the radiological procedure, the total time the neonate spent outside the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and the temperature difference between the NICU and the radiological procedure room were measured for each neonate. Results: The mean time spent outside the neonatal unit was 27.82 minutes (standard deviation −1.68). The temperature difference ranged from −4°C to 3.5°C, with a mean temperature difference of −1.7°C. For 50% of the infants there was a temperature difference of 2 or more degrees. Eighteen percent of the neonates developed hypothermia during the course of the radiological procedure. The WHO classification of hypothermia, which defines a core body temperature between 36°C and 36.4°C as mild hypothermia, 32 to 35.9°C as moderate hypothermia and below 32°C as severe hypothermia, was adopted for this study. Conclusion: The study concludes that in settings where the NICU is not equipped for radiological procedures, where there is no functional mobile radiology equipment and where the neonate must be transported to the radiology department for radiographic procedures, greater care should be taken to minimise heat loss from the neonate. Greater coordination between the departments and warm linen for swaddling the neonates is recommended.

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Incidence and risk factors of neonatal hypothermia at referral hospitals in Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran

Cited by 46 publications

References 0 publications

Neonatal hypothermia in low resource settings: a review

Neonatal hypothermia in low resource settings: a review

Hypothermia and Related Factors in High-Risk Infants

Radiological procedure induced heat loss in neonatal patients' transfer to the radiology department: implications for hypothermia

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