Incidence and Risk Factors of Thrombocytopenia in Neonates Admitted with Surgical Disorders to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital: A One-Year Observational Prospective Cohort Study from a Low-Income Country

Abstract

Background Thrombocytopenia is one of the most common hematologic disorders affecting neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and associated risk factors of neonatal thrombocytopenia in neonates admitted with surgical disorders. Methods An observational prospective cohort study was conducted and all neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital with surgical disorders were included. Data were collected using a checklist and analyzed by SPSS version 23. Chi square test and independent sample t - test were used to assess the association among different variables. Results A total of 210 neonates were included in the study, out of which 56.2% were males. The incidence of thrombocytopenia was 55.8%. Among neonates with thrombocytopenia, 90.9% had late onset thrombocytopenia and half were in the severe range (<50,000/µL). The presence of sepsis (P = 0.000) and atresia (P = 0.000) were found to be significantly associated with the development of thrombocytopenia. The mean non feeding hours were found to be significantly longer for patients with thrombocytopenia (t [199], 5.81, P = 0.000). Conclusion The incidence of thrombocytopenia is high in our institution. Prevention methods towards neonatal sepsis should be given due emphasis.

Risk factors of thrombocytopenia in term infants in Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Hospital Denpasar Bali

“…In this study it was found that the proportion of thrombocytopenia in term infants was dominated by female gender (54%). This finding is similar to the study which found that the incidence of thrombocytopenia in term infants was higher in female (51.4%) than male (48.6%), but not significant different [2].…”

“…Based on previous studies, the prevalence of thrombocytopenia infants are very diverse. Severe neonatal thrombocytopenia was present in 34.4% of cases [2]. In previous study, 20% of cases was classified as severe neonatal thrombocytopenia [4,5].…”

“…Thrombocytopenia is condition in which the platelet count below 150 x 109/L [1,2]. Neonatal thrombocytopenia (NT) is found in up to 35% of all patients admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) [3].…”

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“…This study found a strong correlation between thrombocytopenia and death. Specifically, patients with preoperative platelet levels of 212,000 uL or lower had a mortality risk that was six times higher than patients with preoperative platelet levels over 212,000 uL (p 0.004) [14][15][16]. In this study, the researchers determined that the threshold for high hemoglobin levels was 15 g/dL, and for platelets, it was 212,000 uL.…”

“…The high cut-off value may have been influenced by the fact that preoperative laboratory sampling was conducted in this study, which could have introduced bias if the examination results were obtained from secondary or tertiary services. Therefore, future studies should aim to record the therapy administered and include postoperative laboratory studies as control values [15][16][17]. This investigation identified people with really severe conditions across several individuals.…”