Incidence and Risk Factors for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Kathmandu University Hospital

Shrestha, Ranjit; Bhattarai, B

doi:10.3126/kumj.v9i1.6258

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…was the most common causative agent of VAP. Regarding gender of the patients there was no significant difference between VAP and non VAP groups which was similar to the findings by Ranjit and Bhattarai (14) in their study, where older age was significantly associated with increased risk of VAP. That is in agreement with another study by Giard et al, (15) which revealed that, advanced age was independent risk factors for LVAP acquired in ICU.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…This is in agreement with the result by Saravu et al, (16) but in contrast to Ranjit and Bhattarai study. (14) H 2 blockers usage can alter the gastric pH thereby facilitating organism multiplication which, when aspirated, can lead to occurrence of VAP. Prior antibiotic usage was higher among the cases, but the association was not statistically significant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ventilator Associated Pneumonia: Incidence and Risk Factors in a University Hospital

Salama

Elgaml

Alwakil

et al. 2014

Journal of High Institute of Public Health

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Background: Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is a type of nosocomial pneumonia associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Awareness about the risk factors can be used to implement simple and effective preventive measures. Objectives: To determine the factors associated with development of VAP and its microbial profile among patients admitted to ICUs. Methods: A nested case-cohort study was conducted at Al-Hussein university hospital in Cairo city, Egypt for a period of 6 months from the 1 st of March 2013 to the end of August 2013. Patients who were on mechanical ventilation (MV) for more than 48 hours were monitored at frequent intervals for development of VAP. Samples obtained by endotracheal aspiration were ccultured on Blood agar-Chocolate agar-MacConkey agar, plates of which were incubated at 37c for 24 hours. The isolated organism was identified by morphological and biochemical identification. Results: Of the 73 samples which were taken from endotracheal tubes of the patients, 42 cases were diagnosed as VAP with an incidence rate of 57.5%. Early onset VAP occurred in 36 (85.7%), while late onset VAP was observed in the remaining 6 patients(14.3%). Escherichia coli (40.5%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (23.8%) were the most commonly isolated pathogens. Univariate analysis showed that the duration of MV and ICU stay, re-intubation, supine head position, impaired consciousness, steroids use and H2 blocker use were the risk factors associated with VAP (p < 0.05). Logistic regression revealed duration of MV as an independent risk factor for VAP. Conclusion: The incidence of ventilator pneumonia is high in our study. VAP was significantly related to duration of MV and ICU stay, re-intubation, supine head position, impaired consciousness, steroids use and H2 blocker use.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia: Incidence and Risk Factors in a University Hospital

Salama

Elgaml

Alwakil

et al. 2014

Journal of High Institute of Public Health

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“…Higher incidence of VAP occurred in poisoning, post laparotomy and COPD in a study by Ranjit et al [20] . In a a study by Mohanty et al, the maximum number of cases were Cerebrovascular accident and sepsis [21] .…”

Section: Distribution Of Vap Cases By Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The hospital stay was 18.56 ± 13.83 days in monomicrobial VAP and 21 ± 9.7 days in polymicrobial VAP. In a study by Ranjit et al,the VAP patients had longer duration of mechanical ventilation (18.88±7.7 days ) and stay (29±17.8 days ) [20] A study by Mohanty et al, also reported longer duration of mechanical ventilation and hospital stay in VAP patients [21] .…”

Section: Multi Drug Resistance In Vap Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Characteristics of Monomicrobial and Polymicrobial Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in a Tertiary Care Hospital

P¹

2018

jmscr

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“…The full texts of 69 potentially eligible studies were then strictl y assessed. Sixteen studies [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] were included in the systematic review. Finally, 12 studies [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] were included in the present meta-analysis (…”

Section: Literature Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence Rates, Risk Factors, and Mortality Rates of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Wang

Jia

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundVentilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the second most common nosocomial infection in Intensive care units (ICUs) and is associated with the significant utilization of health-care resources. However，the incidence rates, risk factors and mortality rates of VAP are controversial.MethodsThe Web of Science, PubMed and Cochrane Library databases through August 2019 were independently searched by two researchers to collect all relevant studies. Data including morbidity, risk factors and mortality rates of VAP were extracted for the systematic review and meta-analysis.ResultsSixteen studies, including 4 case control studies and 12 cohort studies, on VAP were included in our analysis. In the meta-analysis, we found that the VAP rate was 22/1000 ventilator-days (95% CI 18–25%). The data demonstrated that H 2 blocker use (odds ratio (OR) 1.66; 95% CI 1.17-2.36), nasogastric tube placement (OR 2.88; 95% CI 1.03-8.04), enteral feeding (OR 3.02; 95% CI 2.18-4.20), central vascular catheter (CVC) placement (OR 3.84; 95% CI 2.55-5.78) and tracheotomy (OR 9.13; 95% CI 6.53-12.75) were risk factors of VAP. VAP was associated with an increased risk of mortality (OR 1.15; 95% CI 0.96-1.37). Four articles that were not included in the meta-analysis indicated that hyperoxemia, increased intra-abdominal pressure, and genetic polymorphism may be risk factors for VAP. ConclusionsThis study may contribute to the development of improved infection control strategies for high-risk patients. Additional studies are needed in the future to clarify the incidence rates, risk factors and mortality rates of VAP.

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Incidence and Risk Factors for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Kathmandu University Hospital

Abstract: Background

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia: Incidence and Risk Factors in a University Hospital

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia: Incidence and Risk Factors in a University Hospital

Characteristics of Monomicrobial and Polymicrobial Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Incidence Rates, Risk Factors, and Mortality Rates of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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