Incidence and relative risk of hearing disorders in professional musicians

Schink, Tania; Kreutz, Gunter; Busch, Veronika; Pigeot, Iris; Ahrens, Wolfgang

doi:10.1136/oemed-2014-102172

Cited by 81 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In a study on an audience of 204 individuals in a concert, almost 38% of the participants complained of hearing impairment 16) . According to a four-year cohort study conducted by Schink et al, the risk of NIHL among musicians was 3.6 times higher than that among the general population 17) . The results of our study were in line with all the above-mentioned studies and it can be concluded that professional musicians are at risk of NIHL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Noise-Induced hearing loss among professional musicians

Pouryaghoub

Mehrdad

Pourhosein

2017

Journal of Occupational Health

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Objectives: After presbycusis, noise exposure is considered the second cause of sensorineural hearing loss. Due to exposure to high-intensity sounds, musicians may be at risk of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Given the importance of good hearing in music career, this study aimed to investigate the frequency of hearing loss and use of protective measures among Iranian musicians.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 125 musicians, including 21 women (16.8%) and 104 men (83.2%), with at least five years of work experience were recruited. All participants underwent clinical and audiometric examinations. Demographic data, complaints about hearing loss, and information about the use of protective devices were collected through interviews.Results: Audiometric notch in either one or both ears and bilateral hearing loss were present in respectively 42.4% and 19.2% of the participants. The history of tinnitus after performance and ear pain during performance was reported by 64 (51%) and 35 (28%) individuals, respectively. Less than 2% of the participants used hearing protection devices.Conclusions: Long-term exposure to loud sounds puts musicians at risk of hearing loss. However, due to their inadequate knowledge, most musicians never use protective devices to prevent damage to their auditory system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Noise-Induced hearing loss among professional musicians

Pouryaghoub

Mehrdad

Pourhosein

2017

Journal of Occupational Health

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“…Vulnerable populations include military personnel, professional musicians, miners, and construction workers (McBride, 2004; Humes et al, 2005; Gordon et al, 2016; Schink et al, 2014), but everyday noise-exposure from leisure activities may also threaten cochlear integrity (e.g., Portnuff et al, 2011; Flamme et al, 2012; LePrell et al, 2012; Liberman et al, 2016). Noise-related damage to the cochlea scales with the intensity, duration, and number of acoustic overexposures (Harris, 1950; Eldredge et al, 1973; Hawkins et al, 1976; Bohne and Clark, 1982), and the perceptual consequences can range from degradations in temporal processing and speech perception (Plack et al, 2014; Bharadwaj et al, 2014; 2015) to significant impairments in sound detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noise-induced cochlear synaptopathy in rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta )

et al. 2017

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Cochlear synaptopathy can result from various insults, including acoustic trauma, aging, ototoxicity, or chronic conductive hearing loss. For example, moderate noise exposure in mice can destroy up to ∼50% of synapses between auditory nerve fibers (ANFs) and inner hair cells (IHCs) without affecting outer hair cells (OHCs) or thresholds, because the synaptopathy occurs first in high-threshold ANFs. However, the fiber loss likely impairs temporal processing and hearing-in-noise, a classic complaint of those with sensorineural hearing loss. Non-human primates appear to be less vulnerable to noise-induced hair-cell loss than rodents, but their susceptibility to synaptopathy has not been studied. Because establishing a non-human primate model may be important in the development of diagnostics and therapeutics, we examined cochlear innervation and the damaging effects of acoustic overexposure in young adult rhesus macaques. Anesthetized animals were exposed bilaterally to narrow-band noise centered at 2 kHz at various sound-pressure levels for 4 hrs. Cochlear function was assayed for up to 8 weeks following exposure via auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) and otoacoustic emissions (OAEs). A moderate loss of synaptic connections (mean of 12-27% in the basal half of the cochlea) followed temporary threshold shifts (TTS), despite minimal hair-cell loss. A dramatic loss of synapses (mean of 50-75% in the basal half of the cochlea) was seen on IHCs surviving noise exposures that produced permanent threshold shifts (PTS) and widespread hair-cell loss. Higher noise levels were required to produce PTS in macaques compared to rodents, suggesting that primates are less vulnerable to hair-cell loss. However, the phenomenon of noise-induced cochlear synaptopathy in primates is similar to that seen in rodents.

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“…In fact, several studies showed that musicians are exposed to loud music in the course of orchestral ensembles (Laitinen et al, 2003;Lee et al, 2005;MacDonald et al, 2008;O'Brien et al, 2008;Jansen et al, 2009;Qian et al, 2011;Rodrigues et al, 2013Rodrigues et al, , 2014, individual pratice (O'Brien et al, 2013), and teaching activities (Behar et al, 2004), among other professional and nonprofessional musical activities . Exposure to these high sound levels was associated with hearing loss (Juman et al, 2004;Morais et al, 2007;Jansen et al, 2009;Schink et al, 2014), and other hearingloss-related symptoms such as tinnitus, hyperacusis, and diplacusis (Morais et al, 2007;Laitinen, 2005;Laitinen et al, 2008;Jansen et al, 2009). Because musicians are reliant upon optimal functioning of their auditory system (Kähäri et al, 2003), hearing impairment adversely affects musicians' performance, resulting in difficulties in musical perception (Royster et al, 1991).…”

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confidence: 99%

Sound Levels and Risk Perceptions of Music Students During Classes

Rodrigues

Amorim

Silva

et al. 2015

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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It is well recognized that professional musicians are at risk of hearing damage due to the exposure to high sound pressure levels during music playing. However, it is important to recognize that the musicians' exposure may start early in the course of their training as students in the classroom and at home. Studies regarding sound exposure of music students and their hearing disorders are scarce and do not take into account important influencing variables. Therefore, this study aimed to describe sound level exposures of music students at different music styles, classes, and according to the instrument played. Further, this investigation attempted to analyze the perceptions of students in relation to exposure to loud music and consequent health risks, as well as to characterize preventive behaviors. The results showed that music students are exposed to high sound levels in the course of their academic activity. This exposure is potentiated by practice outside the school and other external activities. Differences were found between music style, instruments, and classes. Tinnitus, hyperacusis, diplacusis, and sound distortion were reported by the students. However, students were not entirely aware of the health risks related to exposure to high sound pressure levels. These findings reflect the importance of starting intervention in relation to noise risk reduction at an early stage, when musicians are commencing their activity as students.

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Incidence and relative risk of hearing disorders in professional musicians

Cited by 81 publications

References 28 publications

Noise-Induced hearing loss among professional musicians

Noise-Induced hearing loss among professional musicians

Noise-induced cochlear synaptopathy in rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta )

Sound Levels and Risk Perceptions of Music Students During Classes

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