Incidence and prognosis of ocular hypertension secondary to viral uveitis

Abstract

This retrospective study was designed to estimate the cumulative incidence of glaucoma in viral uveitis. Seventy-six consecutive patients with viral stromal keratouveitis were divided into two groups according to the etiologic agents herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratouveitis (n = 58) and herpes zoster virus (HZV) keratouveitis (n = 18). The groups were evaluated for the incidence and prognosis of ocular hypertension. Etiologic agents were determined with the help of clinical observation supported by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of aqueous humor. All patients received oral acyclovir therapy for at least six months and topical prednisolone in tapered doses. There was no significant difference in the recurrences of HSV and varicella zoster virus (VZV) keratouveitis between groups (P = 0.431). The total incidence of secondary glaucoma was 13.1%. Most of the patients responded to antiviral and antiglaucomatous therapy. Trabeculectomy with mitomycin C was performed in only two patients. Secondary glaucoma can be regarded as a frequent complication of viral uveitis. As it has a good prognosis, surgical intervention is rarely required.

The effects of Helicobacter pylori infection on intraocular pressure in anterior uveitis

“…[42][43][44] We selected our subjects from newly diagnosed patients. So the results could have been different if patients who had a relapse were selected.…”

Intraocular pressure elevation in uveitis

“…Although IOP of more than 30 mmHg was reported to be slightly more frequent in HSV (50%) and VZV (46%) anterior uveitis compared with RV (25%), glaucoma developed at similar rates (18-30%) in all three groups [15]. The prognosis, however, is good, with the majority of them responding very well to IOP-lowering medication and anti-inflammatory treatment, and therefore glaucoma surgery was rarely required [14].…”

“…The incidence of secondary ocular hypertension and secondary glaucoma has been reported to be 47.3 and 13%, respectively [14]. Although IOP of more than 30 mmHg was reported to be slightly more frequent in HSV (50%) and VZV (46%) anterior uveitis compared with RV (25%), glaucoma developed at similar rates (18-30%) in all three groups [15].…”

“…Certain uveitic entities such as anterior uveitis caused by certain viruses such as cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella zoster virus (VZV) and rubella virus (RV) are particularly associated with IOP elevation [14,15]. The incidence of secondary ocular hypertension and secondary glaucoma has been reported to be 47.3 and 13%, respectively [14].…”

Susceptibility of Human Iris Stromal Cells to Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Entry

“…The iris, a specialized eye tissue, is affected in various inflammatory ophthalmic conditions (2,3). For instance, inflammation of the iris following HSV-1 infection may be associated with elevated intraocular pressure, ultimately resulting in glaucoma, although the possibility remains that this may be steroid induced (4)(5)(6). The iris has been shown to have histopathologic involvement in HSV-1 infection of the corneal stroma, herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK) (3).…”