Incidence and predictors of smokeless tobacco use among US youth.

Tomar, Scott L.; Giovino, Gary A.

doi:10.2105/ajph.88.1.20

Cited by 63 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…With respect to age, premalignant lesions were significantly more common in the younger age group (Mean age 32.33±8.76) as compared to oral SCC which was more prevalent in the older age group (53.16±10.14; P<0.05; Table 1). The reason for premalignant lesions being more common in the second and third decades of life may be a function of personal factors, coupled with a weak family structure or support, adult role modeling, peer influences and sports team membership 14 . This was consistent with a study by Hashibe et al 15 who reported increased risk of premalignant lesions in a young population in the United States exposed to the similar tobacco products.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic polymorphism of drug metabolizing enzymes (GSTM1 and CYP1A1) as risk factors for oral premalignant lesions and oral cancer

Shukla¹,

Kale²,

Hallikerimath³

et al. 2012

BIOMED PAP

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Aims. Polymorphisms in the genes that code for metabolic enzymes involved in either the activation (Phase I) or detoxication (Phase II) of chemical carcinogens in tobacco, may alter expression or function of carcinogenic compounds and hence alter risk of oral cancer. The present study investigates whether polymorphisms at CYP1A1 and GSTM1 gene loci act as risk factors for oral precancerous lesions and cancer. Methods. For the present study, histopathologically confirmed cases of 90 oral precancerous lesions, 150 oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 150 control subjects were selected. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism were performed using DNA from blood samples to determine the polymorphic genotypes at CYP1A1 and GSTM1 loci. Results. CYP1A1 C (m2/m2) genotype conferred a 12.0 fold-increased risk (OR=12.0; 95% CI, 2.40-60.05) to oral SCC. GSTM1 null showed no significant association but the frequency was higher in oral SCC cases. Patients with genotype C and/or GSTM1 deficiency developed carcinoma after less tobacco consumption than those of other genotypes though the difference was not statistically significant. The frequency of the combined genotypes C and GSTM1 null was found to be 14% among oral SCC patients. On comparing the susceptibility of intraoral sites it was found that in the majority of cases (64%) in the study groups they were the buccal mucosa. Conclusion. Hence it was concluded that metabolic enzymes reported in the present study: CYP1A1 significantly alter oral cancer risk. GSTM1 null and CYP1A1 C (m2m2) show a predisposition to premalignant lesions and cancer of the buccal mucosa than other sites.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic polymorphism of drug metabolizing enzymes (GSTM1 and CYP1A1) as risk factors for oral premalignant lesions and oral cancer

Shukla¹,

Kale²,

Hallikerimath³

et al. 2012

BIOMED PAP

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“…Numerous studies in India and Asia have shown parental, sibling, and peer use of tobacco as an influential determinant in continued use (Jeganathan et al, 2013;Odukoya et al, 2013). Tomar and colleagues (1998) provide a caveat beyond this association, finding that smokeless tobacco use by people in the home environment (as well as relatives) were not only marginally predictive of an "experimentation" level of SLT use, but were also significantly predictive of continued use (Tomar et al, 1998). For this reason, we can infer that this finding may be based on a survey design limitation.…”

Section: 6553 Analysis Of the Motivating Factors For Smokeless Tobacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Motivating Factors for Smokeless Tobacco Use in Two Indian States

Danawala¹,

Arora²,

Stigler³

2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: This study was conducted to gauge how the demographic profile of smokeless tobacco (SLT) users from Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh, India, differs from that of smokers. It also addresses how factors associated with the initiation and continuation of smokeless tobacco vary by age, gender, and education. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 2011 cross-sectional survey data collected from 4,759 respondents (smokers/SLT users/ non-users) in both states. Chi-square analysis was used to make comparisons between the demographic profiles of smokers and SLT users. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to obtain the odds ratios (ORs) for initiation and continuation factors regressed on socio-demographic variables (age, gender, education). Results: Initiation-women were less likely than men to report "peer pressure", "fashion statement", and "stress/coping

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“…Many young people start using tobacco even as early as the age of 11Á14 (Tomar & Giovini, 1998;Rolandsson & Hugoson, 2000). Over a third of all children in ninth grade in the Swedish school system use tobacco regularly, some even on a daily basis (CAN, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescents’ attitudes towards tobacco use and oral health: Four “portraits”

Gabre

Riis

2008

International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well

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Attitudes are important factors that can identify the uptake of smoking in adolescence. This study analyses interviews with 18 young at-risk patients, in an attempt to understand adolescents' attitudes about tobacco use and oral health. The findings are presented with the aid of four ''portraits'': The tobacco user, The tobacco tester, The tobacco ambivalent and The tobacco rejecter. These categories were constructed to show typical aspects and differences between the participating youth. Attitudes to tobacco use, although generally negative, varied over the four portraits. Arguments for not using tobacco were based on knowledge about harmful physiological influence and on emotional factors. The outlook of one's family and friends on tobacco was described as an important influence on one's own standpoint. All of the adolescents have taken part in school teaching about tobacco and oral health, which was described as boring. They want teaching to be based on dialogue. The portraits stress different circumstances in life as important for their attitudes towards tobacco use. Common to them is the need to receive relevant information, and to work actively in an educational situation. To arrange such teaching situations requires an understanding of the variations in adolescents' experience and attitudes.

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Incidence and predictors of smokeless tobacco use among US youth.

Cited by 63 publications

References 28 publications

Genetic polymorphism of drug metabolizing enzymes (GSTM1 and CYP1A1) as risk factors for oral premalignant lesions and oral cancer

Genetic polymorphism of drug metabolizing enzymes (GSTM1 and CYP1A1) as risk factors for oral premalignant lesions and oral cancer

Analysis of Motivating Factors for Smokeless Tobacco Use in Two Indian States

Adolescents’ attitudes towards tobacco use and oral health: Four “portraits”

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