Incidence and Outcome of Whiplash Injury After Multiple Trauma

Giannoudis, Peter V.; Mehta, Saurabh S.; Tsiridis, Eleftherios

doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000259223.77957.76

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…There is therefore no dose-response relationship. The findings of this study also correlate with that by Giannoudis et al [24] in which they conclude the absence of a dose-response relationship between the magnitude of trauma severity and the incidence of whiplash injury. 47 % of patients in group 2 had back pain even prior to the onset of their perceived work-related insult.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Dose response and structural injury in the disability of spinal injury

Patel

Sell

2012

Eur Spine J

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Introduction In traumatic injury there is a clear relationship between the dose of energy involved, structural tissue damage and resultant disability after recovery. This relationship is often absent in cases of non-specific chronic low back pain that is perceived by patients as attributed to a workplace injury. There are many studies assessing risk factors for non-specific low back pain. However, studies addressing causality of back pain are deficient. Purpose To establish whether there exists a causal relationship between structural injury, low back pain and spinal disability. Methods Retrospective analysis of prospectively gathered validated spinal outcome measures [Oswestry disability index (ODI), low back outcome score (LBO), modified somatic perception (MSP), modified Zung depression index (MZD)] between patients with healed high energy thoracolumbar spinal fractures and patients with self-perceived work-related low back pain. Causality was established according to two of Bradford Hill's criteria of medical causality, temporal and dose-response relationships. Results Twenty-three patients with spinal fractures (group 1) of average age 44 years were compared to 19 patients with self-reported back pain in the workplace pursuing claims for compensation (group 2) of average age 48 years. Both groups were comparable in terms of age and sex. The average ODI in group 1 was 28 % (SD 19) compared to 42 % (SD 19) in group 2 (P \ 0.05). Similarly, LBOS was 39.7 versus 24.3 (P \ 0.05), MSP 4.3 versus 9.3 (P \ 0.05) and MZD 20.2 versus 34.8 (P \ 0.05) in groups 1 and 2, respectively. Conclusion Despite high-energy trauma and significant structural damage to the spine, patients with the high energy injuries had better spinal outcome scores in all measures. There is no 'dose-response' relationship between structural injury, low back pain and spinal disability. This is the reverse of what would be anticipated if structural injury was the cause of disability in workplace reported onset of low back pain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Dose response and structural injury in the disability of spinal injury

Patel

Sell

2012

Eur Spine J

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“…These injuries include contusions, skin abrasions, lacerations, sprains and strains including whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) as defined by the Ontario Minor Injury Guideline [4]. While MSD-MVs are defined as nonpermanent and less incapacitating, they can be traumatizing and debilitating [3,5]. MSD-MV can have a long-term impact on physical and mental well-being, health-related quality of life and employment [3,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond symptom resolution: insurance case manager’s perspective on predicting recovery after motor vehicle crash

Trippolini

Young

Pransky

et al. 2019

Disability and Rehabilitation

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Purpose: Insurance company case managers can play a critical role in the rehabilitation process of people with musculoskeletal disorders sustained following minor motor vehicle crash injury due to their interaction with multiple stakeholders and their role in approving various services. This study aimed to identify factors that case managers perceive as predictive of recovery in people with musculoskeletal disorders after minor motor vehicle crash injury. Materials and methods: To explore the perspectives of cases managers in Australia and the United States, semi-structured interviews explored factors that case managers thought provided an early indication of likely recovery outcomes in people with musculoskeletal disorders after minor motor vehicle crash injury. A framework analysis was applied and factors were displayed within the ICF-framework. Results: Case managers (n ¼ 40) demonstrated a broad, detailed understanding of biopsychosocial and contextual issues influencing recovery. They emphasized the importance of the injured worker's expressed affect and motivation, style of communication, the role of lawyers, the worker's family and friends, as well as cultural and geographic influences. The overarching themes perceived as having a major influence on recovery outcomes were general health, pain processing and response, work situation, and compensation entitlement. Conclusions: Case managers' broad and detailed perceptions about recovery may provide additional, valuable perspectives for professionals involved in the rehabilitation process of people with musculoskeletal disorders after minor motor vehicle crash injury. Further research needs to be conducted to explore the effects of case manager involvement in the process of recovery.

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“…-Alteraciones de la estática vertebral posfractura (valor según arco de curvatura y grados) (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20): no tiene aplicación en el esguince.…”

Section: Cómo Valorar Las Secuelasunclassified

“…El enfoque actual del esguince cervical se basa en que el cuadro deriva no sólo de lesiones físicas, sino también de otros factores 1 . Una premisa, por tanto, es que las lesiones cervicales sufridas no justifican la evolución ni las secuelas de muchos de estos esguinces.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Guía para la valoración multiaxial del "esguince cervical" y la patología discal asociada

Escario¹,

Quiñones²,

Miguel

et al. 2014

Cuad. med. forense

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Multiaxial guideline for evaluation of whiplash and associated disk disorders Resumen Se aporta un enfoque de la valoración del esguince cervical basado en un modelo multidimensional. A modo de checklist se consideran aspectos relativos al accidente, las lesiones cervicales, el estado anterior, las lesiones extracervicales y aspectos psicológicos, incluyendo la simulación. Ya que el esguince cervical es no sólo, ni a veces principalmente, un cuadro médico, sino derivado de factores no médicos, se considera este modelo multiaxial como la mejor manera de abordar su valoración y tratamiento. Se insiste en la necesidad de valorar pericialmente las pruebas complementarias, en la importancia de algunas patologías asociadas y en la utilidad de un lenguaje común al hablar de la simulación o la exageración.

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Incidence and Outcome of Whiplash Injury After Multiple Trauma

Abstract: The incidence of whiplash injury following polytrauma was found to be low in our study. There is no dose-response relation between magnitude of trauma severity and incidence of whiplash injury.

Cited by 21 publications

References 60 publications

Dose response and structural injury in the disability of spinal injury

Dose response and structural injury in the disability of spinal injury

Beyond symptom resolution: insurance case manager’s perspective on predicting recovery after motor vehicle crash

Guía para la valoración multiaxial del "esguince cervical" y la patología discal asociada

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