Incidence and molecular diversity of Acanthamoeba species isolated from public baths in Hungary

Kiss, Csaba; Barna, Zsófia; Vargha, Márta; Török, Júlia Katalin

doi:10.1007/s00436-014-3905-x

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Investigations on the distribution of the virulent amoebic strains in different soil, air, and water environments have been conducted worldwide, also with the aid of molecular techniques. Potentially pathogenic strains are detected in environmental samples and reported worldwide [ 18 , 25 , 35 – 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Threats for Human Health in Poland: Pathogenic Isolates from Drug ResistantAcanthamoebaKeratitis Monitored in terms of TheirIn VitroDynamics and Temperature Adaptability

Chomicz

Conn

Padzik

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

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Amphizoic amoebae generate a serious human health threat due to their pathogenic potential as facultative parasites, causative agents of vision-threatening Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). Recently, AK incidences have been reported with increasing frequency worldwide, particularly in contact lens wearers. In our study, severe cases of AK in Poland and respective pathogenic isolates were assessed at clinical, morphological, and molecular levels. Misdiagnoses and the unsuccessful treatment in other ophthalmic units delayed suitable therapy, and resistance to applied chemicals resulted in severe courses and treatment difficulties. Molecular assessment indicated that all sequenced pathogenic corneal isolates deriving from Polish patients with AK examined by us showed 98–100% homology with Acanthamoeba genotype T4, the most prevalent genotype in this human ocular infection worldwide. In vitro assays revealed that the pathogenic strains are able to grow at elevated temperature and have a wide adaptive capability. This study is our subsequent in vitro investigation on pathogenic Acanthamoeba strains of AK originating from Polish patients. Further investigations designed to foster a better understanding of the factors leading to an increase of AK observed in the past years in Poland may help to prevent or at least better cope with future cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Threats for Human Health in Poland: Pathogenic Isolates from Drug ResistantAcanthamoebaKeratitis Monitored in terms of TheirIn VitroDynamics and Temperature Adaptability

Chomicz

Conn

Padzik

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

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“…For instance, 59.1% of 22 cultured surface and stagnant water samples in Tehran ( 29 ), 35% of 120 water samples (wells and water pipes) in Shiraz ( 30 ), 61.11% of 54 water samples (wells, springs, qanats, and motor houses) in Arak ( 31 ), 30% of 50 environmental water sources (sea, pools, ponds, fountains, and running waters) in various regions of Guilan province ( 32 ), 88% of 93 water specimens from pools and ponds in Sistan & Baluchistan ( 33 ), and 34.44% of 90 pond water samples in Mashhad contaminated with the amoeba ( 34 ). Furthermore, contamination of water sources with FLA has been documented in reports from Egypt (43.2%), Italy (28.7%) ( 35 , 36 ), Thailand (15.9%), China (14.68%), Japan (68.7%), Turkey (22%), and Hungary (41%) ( 37 – 41 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Molecular Identification of Acanthamoeba and Naegleria from Agricultural Water Canal in Qazvin, Iran

Rafsanjani

Hajialilo

Saraei

et al. 2020

IJPA

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Background: Free-living amoeba (FLA) are widely distributed in different environmental sources. The most genera of the amoeba are Acanthamoeba, Naegleria and Vermamoeba. The most common consequences of the infections in immune-deficient and immunocompetent persons are amoebic encephalitis and keratitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Acanthamoeba spp. and Naegleria spp., isolated from the main agricultural water canal in Qazvin. Methods: Totally, 120 water specimens were collected and later the specimens were cultured and cloned to identify positive samples. PCR amplification and sequencing were carried out to identify the isolated species as well as the genotypes of amoeba. Results: According to morphological surveys, 41.7% (50/120) of water specimens were positive for FLA. Molecular analysis revealed that 68.6% and 31.4% of Acanthamoeba specimens were identified as T3 and T4 genotypes, respectively. Also, two species of Naegleria named as N. lovaniensis (57.1%) and Naegleria sp. (42.8%) were identified. The results of pathogenicity assays demonstrated that 38.5% of T3 and 61.5% of T4 genotypes of Acanthamoeba were highly pathogenic parasites. Conclusion: The water flowing in the agricultural canal of the area is contaminated with potential pathogenic FLA, therefore, it is recommended that more attention to be paid towards proper treatment of water sources to prevent possible risk of the disease.

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“…These findings are in agreement with previous studies that detected 51 % and 34 % prevalence in household tap water, all higher than the prevalence in environmental water [ 20 , 21 ]. Previous studies have also indicated that the prevalence of Acanthamoeba in environmental and domestic water can vary from as low as 1 % to as high as 79 % [ 12 , 19 , 22 – 25 ], all depending on sample size and site.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and genetic characterisation of Acanthamoeba spp. from environmental and domestic water sources in Queen Elizabeth Protected Area, Uganda

et al. 2016

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BackgroundAcanthamoeba is an emerging potentially pathogenic amoeba that has been receiving increasing attention worldwide as a reservoir and potential vector for the transmission of pathogenic bacteria. It is also associated with brain cell damage, keratitis and skin irritation in humans. Its effects are more severe in immunocompromised individuals. This study provides for the first time in Uganda, information on the prevalence and genotypes of Acanthamoeba in environmental and domestic (tap) water.MethodsA total of 324 environmental and 84 tap water samples were collected between November 2013 and September 2014. The samples were centrifuged, cultured (Non-Nutrient agar seeded with gram-negative bacteria) and observed under a microscope. After confirmation of Acanthamoeba, genomic DNA was extracted for PCR assays by chemical lysis and purification with phenol/chloroform/isoamyl alcohol. Samples that showed the strongest positive bands (400–600 bp) were subjected to cycle sequencing.ResultsAmong environmental and tap water samples, 107 (33 %) and 36 (42.9 %) tested positive for Acanthamoeba spp., respectively. Prevalence of Acanthamoeba from specific environmental locations was as follows; Kazinga channel banks (60.7 %), Fish landing sites (50 %), River Kyambura (39.6 %) and Kazinga mid channel (5.3 %). There was a significant difference (p = 0.001) in the prevalence of Acanthamoeba between sampling sites. The mean (Mean ± SE) occurrence of the organism was higher in Kazinga channel banks (3.44 ± 0.49) and Fish landing sites (3.08 ± 0.53). Correlation between in situ parameters and Acanthamoeba was insignificant except for the Dissolved Oxygen (mg/ML) which was negatively correlated (r = −0.231, p = 0.001) to Acanthamoeba. Six distinct partial Acanthamoeba T-genotype groups T1, T2, T4, T5, T6 and T11 were obtained. Ultimately, Acanthamoeba spp., Acanthamoeba hatchetti and Acanthamoeba polyphaga were isolated in the current study.ConclusionsThere was a high prevalence of Acanthamoeba in communal piped tap and environmental water used by communities, indicating poor environmental and domestic water quality.

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Incidence and molecular diversity of Acanthamoeba species isolated from public baths in Hungary

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Emerging Threats for Human Health in Poland: Pathogenic Isolates from Drug ResistantAcanthamoebaKeratitis Monitored in terms of TheirIn VitroDynamics and Temperature Adaptability

Emerging Threats for Human Health in Poland: Pathogenic Isolates from Drug ResistantAcanthamoebaKeratitis Monitored in terms of TheirIn VitroDynamics and Temperature Adaptability

Isolation and Molecular Identification of Acanthamoeba and Naegleria from Agricultural Water Canal in Qazvin, Iran

Occurrence and genetic characterisation of Acanthamoeba spp. from environmental and domestic water sources in Queen Elizabeth Protected Area, Uganda

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