Incidence and associated factors with traumatic childbirth in postpartum Brazilian woman

Abstract

Incidence and associated factors with traumatic childbirth in postpartum Brazilian woman AbstractChildbirth may be a traumatic experience for some women. This observational study aimed to describe the incidence of traumatic childbirth in two regional maternity services in Brazil. In addition, the study intended to determine characteristics that are associated with traumatic childbirth. A total of 328 women were interviewed, up to 72 hours postpartum, between July and November 2010. Women were screened for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSMI-IV) criteria for traumatic event using the item A of SCID-I interview for PTSD. Socio-demographic and obstetrical variables, pain score, previous trauma and dissociative experiences in women with and without traumatic childbirth were compared. A total of 53 (16.2%) of the sample fulfilled the criteria for a traumatic event. It observed that some socio-demographic and obstetrical variables may be considered as associated with traumatic childbirth, such as an intermediate level of schooling, high risk pregnancy, obstetrical complications during pregnancy, primiparity, a high pain score, forceps, episiotomy, prematurity, obstetrical complications at birth or with the baby, baby needing hospital care, dissociative experience peripartum, no satisfaction with maternity care, not being well informed of the progress of labor and previous trauma related to urban violence, sexual abuse or domestic violence. Childbirth may be a traumatic event for Brazilian. In this sample traumatic childbirth was associated with pain, previous trauma, dissociative experiences and some socio-demographic and obstetrical variables. Traumatic childbirth constitutes an important mental health problem and need more attention from health. Keywords: post-childbirth-related, post-traumatic stress disorder, educational intervention, specific needs of educational support, educational response, programs of educational reinforcement.Resumen El parto puede ser una experiencia traumática para algunas mujeres. Este estudio observacional tuvo como objetivo describir la incidencia del parto traumático en dos servicios regionales de maternidad en Brasil. Además, el estudio pretendía determinar las características asociadas con el parto traumático. Un total de 328 mujeres fueron entrevistadas, hasta 72 horas después del parto, entre julio y noviembre de 2010. Las mujeres fueron seleccionadas para el Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales, Cuarta Edición (DSMI-IV) para el evento traumático utilizando el ítem A de SCID-entrevisto para estrés postraumáti-co. Se compararon variables sociodemográficas y obstétricas, puntuación de dolor, trauma previo y experiencias disociativas en mujeres con y sin parto traumático. Un total de 53 (16,2%) de la muestra cumplieron los criterios para un evento traumático. Se observó que algunas variables sociodemográficas y obstétricas pueden considerarse asociadas con el parto traumático, como un nivel intermedio de escolaridad, un e...