Incidence, adherence, and antibiotic resistance of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species causing human disease

Needham, Cynthia A.; Stempsey, William

doi:10.1016/0732-8893(84)90060-9

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Slime production has been detected in most species of CNS (Christensen et al 1983;Needham & Stempsey, 1984;. In this study, over half of the strains of Staph.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…Although several species of CNS inhabit the skin (Kloos & Musselwhite, 1975 (Eng et al 1982;Sewell et al 1982;Gruer, Bartlett & Ayliffe, 1984;Needham & Stempsey, 1984;Richardson, Marples & de Saxe, 1984). In vitro studies using the rat model of endocarditis and in vivo studies of phagocytic killing indicate the greater virulence of Staph.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently Christensen et al (1982 b), investigating an outbreak of catheter-related sepsis, recovered a significantly greater proportion of slime-producing strains from patients with sepsis than from contaminated blood cultures. Two recent studies (Davenport et al 1986;Ishak et al 1985) support the view that extracellular slime production is an important colonizing and virulence factor in coagulase-negative staphylococcal infections associated with a prosthetic device, but others (Needham & Stempsey, 1984;West et al 1986) have been unable to confirm these findings. There is recent evidence, however, suggesting that peritonitis (Kristinsson, Spencer & Brown, 1986) Secondly, as a measure of the adherence of CNS to smooth surfaces, the tube assay suffers from a number of disadvantages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Species identification, antibiotic sensitivity and slime production of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from clinical specimens

Deighton¹,

Franklin

Spicer

et al. 1988

Epidemiol. Infect.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYTwo hundred and seventy-five consecutive clinical isolates of coagulasenegative staphylococci, including strains associated with disease, contaminants and skin colonizers, were speciated, tested for slime production and for their sensitivity to a range of antibiotics. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most commonly identified species, comprising 63 % of all isolates. Slime production was detected in half the strains of Staph. epidermidis, Staph. haemolyticus and Staph. saprophyticus but was rare in other species. Most Staph. haemolyticus strains and approximately half of the Staph. epidermidis strains were resistant to five or more antibiotics. A significant association was found between slime production and multiple antibiotic resistance. For catheter-associated strains, clinical relevance was predictable by species i.e. Staph. epidermidis. Multi-resistant slime-positive Staph. haemolyticus strains, although infrequently associated with disease, were common skin colonizers, presumably acquired from the hospital environment. We describe a practical and inexpensive scheme for the speciation of human coagulasenegative staphylococcal isolates.

show abstract

“…Slime production has been detected in most species of CNS (Christensen et al 1983;Needham & Stempsey, 1984;. In this study, over half of the strains of Staph.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Species identification, antibiotic sensitivity and slime production of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from clinical specimens

Deighton¹,

Franklin

Spicer

et al. 1988

Epidemiol. Infect.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…With the exception of trimethoprim resistance determinants, similar genes were found among concurrently isolated multiply resistant S. epidermidis isolates from our hospitals. S. haemolyticus is a potentially important nosocomial species which readily acquires antimicrobial resistance genes and which shares, to some extent, in a common gene pool with S. epidermidis.Staphylococcus haemolyticus has been reported to represent an average of 10% of clinical coagulase-negative staphylococcal isolates (5,7,9,12,15,22,24,25,27,28). Many of these isolates have been found to be resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance in nosocomial isolates of Staphylococcus haemolyticus

Froggatt

Johnston

Galetto

et al. 1989

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

169

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Staphylococcus haemolyticus is frequently cultured from hospitalized patients and is characterized by resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents. We found that S. haemolyticus represented 70 of 524 (13%) coagulase-negative staphylococcal isolates identified by the clinical microbiology laboratories of two hospitals over 2 months. S. haemolyticus isolates were recovered from wounds (44%), urine (26%), blood (10%), and other sources (20%). All S. haemolyticus isolates were tested for susceptibility to six antimicrobial agents; 77% were resistant to three or more agents, and 41% were resistant to five or six agents. In addition, among 47 multiply resistant isolates, high MICs (.6.25 ,ug/ml) of vancomycin (62% of isolates) and teicoplanin (91% of isolates) were found. DNA probes which were derived from S. epidermidis or S. aureus and which contained sequences associated with resistance to antimicrobial agents were used to detect specific genes in the total cellular and plasmid DNAs of 10 resistant S. haemolyticus isolates. Resistance gene probes and the numbers of resistant isolates hybridizing were as follows: methicillin, 10 of 10; gentamicin, 9 of 10; erythromycin, 7 of 10; and trimethoprim, 0 of 10. Genes for resistance to methicillin were found only in chromosomal locations, genes for resistance to gentamicin were found in both chromosomal and plasmid locations, and genes for resistance to erythromycin were found in plasmid locations only. With the exception of trimethoprim resistance determinants, similar genes were found among concurrently isolated multiply resistant S. epidermidis isolates from our hospitals. S. haemolyticus is a potentially important nosocomial species which readily acquires antimicrobial resistance genes and which shares, to some extent, in a common gene pool with S. epidermidis.Staphylococcus haemolyticus has been reported to represent an average of 10% of clinical coagulase-negative staphylococcal isolates (5,7,9,12,15,22,24,25,27,28). Many of these isolates have been found to be resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents. The importance of these organisms as human pathogens relative to that of other coagulase-negative staphylococci is uncertain, in part because species determinations of coagulase-negative staphylococci are not routinely done in most clinical microbiology laboratories. The mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in S. haemolyticus and the extent to which it shares resistance genes with other staphylococci are also unknown. In a recent study of trimethoprim resistance among coagulase-negative staphylococci (6), we found that a specific trimethoprim resistance gene probe from a conjugative S. aureus plasmid hybridized with all trimethoprim-resistant S. epidermidis isolates but not with four S. haemolyticus isolates tested. The possibility of unique mechanisms of resistance in this poorly understood species led us to further investigate its characteristics.In the present study, we determined the proportion of S. haemolyticus isolates among clinical isolates of coagulasenega...

show abstract

“…Coagulasenegative staphylococci are the most common cause of foreignbody device infection and have become increasingly prevalent in nosocomial bacteremia and infections in the immunocompromised host (10,11,15). Staphylococcus aureus is frequently implicated in wound infections, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, and sepsis (20,24).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Activities of Bismuth Thiols against Staphylococci and Staphylococcal Biofilms

Domenico

Baldassarri

Schoch

et al. 2001

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Indwelling medical devices are associated with infectious complications. Incorporating antimicrobials into indwelling materials may reduce bacterial colonization. Bismuth thiols are antibiofilm agents with up to 1,000-fold-greater antibacterial activity than other bismuth salts. Staphylococci are particularly sensitive, as determined by agar diffusion and broth dilution susceptibility testing. Bismuth-ethanedithiol inhibited 10 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strains at 0.9 to 1.8, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 at 2.4, and S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 at 0.1 M Bi 3؉ . Antiseptic-resistant S. aureus was sensitive to bismuth-2-3-dimercaptopropanol (BisBAL) at <7 M Bi 3؉ . Hydrogel-coated polyurethane rods soaked in BisBAL inhibited S. epidermidis for 39 days (inhibitory zone diameter in agar, >30 mm for >25 days). Slime from 16 slimeproducing S. epidermidis strains was inhibited significantly by bismuth-3,4-dimercaptotoluene (BisTOL), but not by AgNO 3 , at subinhibitory concentrations. In conclusion, bismuth-thiols are bacteriostatic and bactericidal against staphylococci, including resistant organisms, but are also inhibitors of slime at subinhibitory concentrations. At subinhibitory concentrations, BisTOL may be useful in preventing the colonization and infection of indwelling intravascular lines, since staphylococci are important pathogens in this setting.

show abstract

Incidence, adherence, and antibiotic resistance of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species causing human disease

Cited by 39 publications

References 15 publications

Species identification, antibiotic sensitivity and slime production of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from clinical specimens

Species identification, antibiotic sensitivity and slime production of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from clinical specimens

Antimicrobial resistance in nosocomial isolates of Staphylococcus haemolyticus

Activities of Bismuth Thiols against Staphylococci and Staphylococcal Biofilms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About