Incentives and Learning in Children

It's All in the Game: A 3D Learning Model for Business Ethics

“…The use of reward in the form of points is often used in computer games but we were interested in how it would work in the more serious context of business ethics. Incentivisation is a prominent topic in educational research with evidence that incentives enhance students' learning abilities and expectations (Benowitz & Busse, 1970, 1976Bisett & Rieber, 1966;Cartwright, 1970;Figlio & Kenny, 2007;Kennedy & Willcutt, 1964;Witryol & Hayne, 1971) and that perceived rewards in their extrinsic and intrinsic form can augment the learning experience and motivations of learners (Facteau, et al, 1995;Lepper, 1988). The power of reward found in our research to be a significant motivator was supported by comments from students in the focus groups.…”

Uncertainty and Novelty as Collative Motivation in Children

“…In these studies, the collative effects of novelty were demonstrated by single stimulus familiarization over two (15) or three (12,13,16,17) prechoice trials, or by presenting four stimuli over two familiarization trials (14). We expected the four-trial familiarization sequence in the present study to produce novelty effects at least comparable to those obtained in previous research.…”

Gifted Adolescents' Perceptions of Their Roles in Nation-Building

“…As for society, the girls perceived higher expectations than the boys (F=11.64, p<0.001). Girls generally have a greater need to please, to conform and to be accepted (Crandall, 1963;Witryol, 1971;Chang, 1983). This is probably why they saw society as having high demands on them to be model citizens, welladjusted and to keep the Singapore flag flying.…”