INCAP Studies of Nutrition and Infection

Scrimshaw, Nevin S.

doi:10.1177/156482651003100107

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…It has been suggested that this situation could be due to the lack of sanitation and water treatment in the area (35) . Moreover, it is known that infections worsen nutritional status especially among undernourished children (36) . 554 F Cobayashi et al…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with stunting and overweight in Amazonian children: a population-based, cross-sectional study

Cobayashi

Augusto

Lourenço

et al. 2013

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To examine the prevalence of stunting and overweight in children and identify demographic, socio-economic and maternal characteristics, as well as biochemical indicators, associated with these outcomes. Design: A population-based, cross-sectional study was performed. Data from structured questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and blood and stool samples were used in Poisson regression models to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) according to a hierarchical conceptual framework. Setting: Acrelândia, western Brazilian Amazon. Subjects: Children (n 1139) aged ,10 years. Results: Prevalence of stunting was 7?1 % (95 % CI 5?1, 9?6 %) and 3?7 % (95 % CI 2?4, 5?7 %) among children aged ,5 years and $5 years, respectively; overweight was detected in 20?6 % (95 % CI 17?4, 24?2 %) and 9?4 % (95 % CI 7?2, 12?1 %) of children aged ,5 years and $5 years, respectively. Among children ,5 years of age, stunting was positively associated with the lowest maternal height tertile (PR 5 2?16, 95 % CI 1?27, 3?68) were associated with overweight. Conclusions: Overweight was more prevalent than stunting, being associated with higher household wealth, maternal overweight, caesarean delivery, high birth weight, micronutrient deficiencies and high TAG concentration. Improvements in maternal and child health care with sustainable access to healthy food are necessary to reduce short-and long-term health complications related to overweight in this population. The prevalence of stunting (i.e. low length-or heightfor-age) from birth to 5 years has been decreasing worldwide, from 40 % in 1990 to 27 % in 2010 (1) , and this rate is expected to fall further to 22 % by 2020. In Latin American countries, for instance, the prevalence of stunting in 2010 was 13?5 % while a prevalence of 11?6 % is predicted by the year 2015(1)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with stunting and overweight in Amazonian children: a population-based, cross-sectional study

Cobayashi

Augusto

Lourenço

et al. 2013

Public Health Nutr.

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“…Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) is the most frequent type of malnutrition affecting millions of people worldwide, especially children, underweight newborn infants, the elderly, individuals with eating disorders such as nervous anorexia and bulimia, patients with neoplasias or chronic diseases, patients under chemotherapy or hospitalized patients of advanced age (≥60 years), and individuals who undergo radical diets (1-3). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PEM-mediated impairment of the immune system results in increased morbidity and mortality due to infectious complications (1,2). PEM modifies physiological responses and may induce cellular lesions, and the extent and timing of damage differs depending on the tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairment of the hematological response and interleukin-1β production in protein-energy malnourished mice after endotoxemia with lipopolysaccharide

Fock

Vinolo

Blatt

et al. 2012

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The objectives of this study were to determine if protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) could affect the hematologic response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production, leukocyte migration, and blood leukocyte expression of CD11a/CD18. Two-month-old male Swiss mice were submitted to PEM (N = 30) with a low-protein diet (14 days) containing 4% protein, compared to 20% protein in the control group (N = 30). The total cellularity of blood, bone marrow, spleen, and bronchoalveolar lavage evaluated after the LPS stimulus indicated reduced number of total cells in all compartments studied and different kinetics of migration in malnourished animals. The in vitro migration assay showed reduced capacity of migration after the LPS stimulus in malnourished animals (45.7 ± 17.2 × 104 cells/mL) compared to control (69.6 ± 7.1 × 104 cells/mL, P ≤ 0.05), but there was no difference in CD11a/CD18 expression on the surface of blood leukocytes. In addition, the production of IL-1β in vivo after the LPS stimulus (180.7 pg·h−1·mL−1), and in vitro by bone marrow and spleen cells (41.6 ± 15.0 and 8.3 ± 4.0 pg/mL) was significantly lower in malnourished animals compared to control (591.1 pg·h−1·mL−1, 67.0 ± 23.0 and 17.5 ± 8.0 pg/mL, respectively, P ≤ 0.05). The reduced expression of IL-1β, together with the lower number of leukocytes in the central and peripheral compartments, different leukocyte kinetics, and reduced leukocyte migration capacity are factors that interfere with the capacity to mount an adequate immune response, being partly responsible for the immunodeficiency observed in PEM.

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“…Primary cause of malnutrition is inadequate food/nutrient intake caused by increase in the energy and protein requirements directly or indirectly triggered by a disease (Emery ). Nutrient or select nutrients' deficiencies may debilitate immune functions, thus increasing susceptibility to viral diseases (Douglas & Flanigan ; Scrimshaw ; Beck ); for example, zinc deficiency in the thymus decreases the immune response to infectious diseases (Fraker et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hexamitiasis leads to lower metabolic rates in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) juveniles

Öğüt

Parlak

2013

Journal of Fish Diseases

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This study assessed the effects of Hexamita salmonis (Moore) on metabolism of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) and its effect on the host's susceptibility to infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) after antiparasitic treatment. Rainbow trout naturally infected with H. salmonis were treated with 10 mg metronidazole kg fish(-1) per day, and their physiological recovery was assessed through measuring resting metabolism on the 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day after treatment. In addition, we exposed the naïve fish to H. salmonis and measured the resting metabolism (oxygen consumption as mg O2 kg(-1) per hour) on the 10th, 20th and 30th day after the exposure to assess the variation in metabolic rates after infection. Significantly lower rates of metabolic activity (P < 0.05) were anticipated 20 days after infection with H. salmonis compared with the fish infected with H. salmonis for 10 days or with the parasite-free fish. Similarly, the treated fish needed about 20 days to fully recover from hexamitiasis. The susceptibility of rainbow trout to IPNV remained unchanged in the presence of H. salmonis. Weight loss was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in infected than that in the parasite-free fish. Fish should be examined regularly for H. salmonis and treated immediately whether found to prevent economic losses and excessive size variation.

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INCAP Studies of Nutrition and Infection

Cited by 21 publications

References 72 publications

Factors associated with stunting and overweight in Amazonian children: a population-based, cross-sectional study

Factors associated with stunting and overweight in Amazonian children: a population-based, cross-sectional study

Impairment of the hematological response and interleukin-1β production in protein-energy malnourished mice after endotoxemia with lipopolysaccharide

Hexamitiasis leads to lower metabolic rates in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) juveniles

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