Inbreeding and Genetic Structure in the Endangered Sorraia Horse Breed: Implications for its Conservation and Management

Luı́s, Cristina; Cothran, E. Gus; Oom, María do Mar

doi:10.1093/jhered/esm009

Cited by 46 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Admixture analysis and D A genetic distances showed a very clear differentiation of the SAL breed in the context of the local breeds of Southern Italy. The overall FST for the whole set of Italian breeds (8.5%) is comparable to those reported in other European horse population studies, which never showed values below 8% (Glowatzki-Mullis et al, 2005;Marletta et al, 2006;Luis et al, 2007), and higher than in four Basque-Navarrese semiferal native horse breeds (Solis et al, 2005). D A distance and pairwise FST indicated SAL closer to SIC than the other Southern Italy breeds; this outcome is probably due to the common relationship SAL and SIC had with Thoroughbred in 20th century.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

A genetic analysis of the Italian Salernitano horse

Criscione

Moltisanti

Chies

et al. 2015

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Salernitano (SAL) is an ancient Italian horse breed developed over the course of the ages together with Napoletano and, during the 20th century, by crossing with Thoroughbred horse lines. Excellent in hurdle jumping, this breed is currently facing a concrete risk of extinction due to the lack of appropriate management strategies. This research is the first SAL genetic characterization that aims to set up the basic knowledge for a conservation plan. A representative sample of 61 SALs was analyzed by means of a set of 16 microsatellites markers (short tandem repeats (STRs)). The sequence of hypervariable D-loop mtDNA region was also performed on a subset of 24 mares in order to study the maternal diversity and obtain a complete picture of the internal genetic variation. All the molecular data were analyzed together with those obtained from three Sicilian horse breeds investigated in a previous research (Siciliano, Sanfratellano and Sicilian Oriental Purebred). STRs markers revealed a moderate level of genetic diversity in SAL (alleles/ locus 5.1, He 0.67) and confirmed the hunch of genetic erosion. Autosomal variability highlighted a very light deficit of homozygotes (FIS = − 0.067). Experimental D-loop sequences were compared by multiple alignments with those retrieved from biological databases and revealed two unreported haplotypes. The phylogenetic network, which was built on mtDNA sequences, included various cosmopolitan and European horses and showed SAL haplotypes distributed among different mtDNA lineages.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

A genetic analysis of the Italian Salernitano horse

Criscione

Moltisanti

Chies

et al. 2015

Animal

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“…In fact, the Nes (45.8 and 28.1) were much smaller than their census size, and the difference between the Ne based on census data (45.8) and Ne based on genetic data (28.1) suggested that there was a selection bias for specific stallions. Moreover, comparison of the NA, Ho, and He of the Kiso horse with other engendered breeds showed that the genetic diversity of the horse (NA, Ho, and He on average were 6.3, 0.674, and 0.662, respectively) was in the middle level among the others listed in the WWL-DAD (ranging from 2.1-10.2 for NA, 0.34-0.77 for Ho, and 0.43-0.77 for He) [1,2,18,21,22,30,31,33]. Consequently, although the inbreeding level in the horse might not be so severe (F is : -0.017), these facts suggest that the Kiso horse is surely one of the endangered breeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Genetic Characterization of the Endangered Kiso Horse Using 31 Microsatellite DNAs

et al. 2012

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ABSTRACT. In order to contribute to conservation of the endangered Kiso horse, we clarified their genetic information using 31 microsatellite DNAs, and genotyped 125 horses, 83% of the existing breed. First, we clarified the current status of the horses. The horses were confirmed to have experienced rapid loss of population causing a bottleneck, and their effective population size was much smaller than their census size. Moreover, the number of alleles (6.3), observed heterozygosity (0.674), and expected heterozygosity (0.662) were in the same range as other endangered horses all over the world. Therefore, although their inbreeding level was not so severe (F is : -0.017), the Kiso horse is surely one of the endangered. Second, we obtained genetic information of individuals. This information allowed us to understand the genetic distance of individuals, and might help in development of a reproductive strategy concerning the genetic distance between the mating pairs. Moreover, there appeared to be 4 subpopulations of Kiso horse, and this result was in good agreement with their historical background. Third, we confirmed that the parentage test for identification using the 31 microsatellite DNAs was highly reliable (probability of exclusion: 0.999999993). This identification increases the reliability of stud certification, and is also helpful for effective management. Understanding the genetic diversity within the population and the relationships among individuals is important to ensuring effective management for maintenance of genetic variation, and this study may help in conservation of the endangered Kiso horse.

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“…In RAM, it would be desirable to broaden the use of different males in the same reproductive season, and to use them throughout several seasons, as it has been done with the small population of Sorraia in Germany. This strategy preserves a better allele variability than the system established in Portugal where one stallion stays in the herd alone throughout several reproductive seasons (Luís et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedigree and herd characterization of a donkey breed vulnerable to extinction

Quaresma

Martins

Rodrigues

et al. 2014

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Most donkey and local horse breeds are vulnerable to extinction as mechanization of agriculture progress throughout the world. The present study analyzed the pedigree and herd records of the donkey Asinina de Miranda breed (RAM), identifying genealogical and human factors that may affect the breed genetic diversity in the future and suggesting suitable strategies to breed preservation, early on the conservation program. The breeding rate was very low, with a ratio of foaling/live animals of 0.23 (178/760). The estimated number of founders and ancestors contributing to the reference population was 128 and 121. The number of founder herds in the reference population was 64, with an effective number of founder herds for the reference population of 7.6. The mean age of herd owners was 65.50 ± 0.884 years, with a negative association among the herd size and owner's age ( P < 0.001). In contrast, the size of the herd and the ownership of a male were both positively associated ( P < 0.001) with the herd number of in-born foals. Both the owners' age and the herd location (RAM home region v. dispersal region) were negatively associated with the foaling number ( P < 0.001). The main identified risk factors were: low breeding rates; low number of males and their unequal contribution to the genetic pool; unequal contribution of the herds to genetic pool; and advanced age of herd owners.

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Inbreeding and Genetic Structure in the Endangered Sorraia Horse Breed: Implications for its Conservation and Management

Cited by 46 publications

References 39 publications

A genetic analysis of the Italian Salernitano horse

A genetic analysis of the Italian Salernitano horse

Genetic Characterization of the Endangered Kiso Horse Using 31 Microsatellite DNAs

Pedigree and herd characterization of a donkey breed vulnerable to extinction

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