Inattentional Insensitivity as a Predictor of On-Task Performance and Performance in a Subsequent Task

Abstract

Thirty-three participants were recruited to test two conditions of inattentional insensitivity (IIS). IIS is the inability to recall a salient stimulus when performing a task in the same sensory modality. The two IIS conditions were visual (inattentional blindness) and tactile. Inattentional blindness was tested using a recently developed measure (an origami video). Task performance for both conditions, in addition to IIS were measured. Participants’ working memory (WM) were also tested. After being tested for IIS and WM, participants operated a driving simulator. Performance and situation awareness (SA) during the driving scenario were measured. Participants categorized as IIS performed worse for SA and performance in the subsequent driving task. However, it was found that participants categorized as IIS for the tactile condition performed better for the given tactile task. Further studies testing the relationship between IIS with SA and performance in safety critical situations are warranted. Additionally, the relationship between IIS with SA and performance may improve selection and training for safety critical and dynamic positions.

Inattentional Insensitivity As A Predictor of Relevant Situation Awareness Questions And Irrelevant Questions

“…The 32% who were categorized as IB based on the origami video approaches the historical findings of 40 to 45% of people who do not see the gorilla. Dattel et al (2018) found that up to 72% of participants did not see the bubbles, but for the current study, participants were specifically prompted to answer if they saw bubbles after reporting that they saw nothing unusual. After that query, many participants said they did in fact see bubbles.…”

“…The visual IIS task (also known as inattentional blindness) used an alternative method to the well-known Invisible Gorilla video (Simons, 2003). For this alternative method, participants were shown a video which panned from a top-down view of two pairs of hands -each making an origami simultaneously (Dattel et al, 2018). Each origami paper is colored yellow on one side and colored blue on the other side.…”

“…IIS is not remembering a salient stimulus when performing a task in the same sensory modality (Dattel et al, 2013). Dattel et al (2018) studied IIS for visual conditions and tactile conditions and found support that IIS in either condition may be a good characteristic when predicting SA and performance in complex conditions.…”

“…IIS is not remembering a salient stimulus when performing a task in the same sensory modality (Dattel et al, 2013). Dattel et al (2018) studied IIS for visual conditions and tactile conditions and found support that IIS in either condition may be a good characteristic when predicting SA and performance in complex conditions. This paper presents a study that attempts to find predictors of good SA performance as well as what may predict behavior that focuses on irrelevant (e.g., distractors) stimuli in a complex condition.…”

“…It has been argued that SA occurs at three levels (not necessarily linear): perception, comprehension, and anticipation of future events (Endsley, 2015). Predictors such as conscientiousness (Durso et al, 2006), inattentional blindness (Dattel et al, 2015; Dattel et al, 2018), and working memory (Kane et al, 2001) have been shown to be related to SA. Working memory (WM) is the ability to retain information while processing other information simultaneously (Baddeley & Hitch, 1974).…”