Inactivation of OsIRX10 Leads to Decreased Xylan Content in Rice Culm Cell Walls and Improved Biomass Saccharification

RNA Interference Suppression of Genes in Glycosyl Transferase Families 43 and 47 in Wheat Starchy Endosperm Causes Large Decreases in Arabinoxylan Content

“…Whereas a rice mutant with inactive OsIRX10 showed no change in the M r profile of a fraction solubilized by 1 M KOH (Chen et al, 2013), only one of the six IRX10-L rice genes was inactivated, resulting in a 10% decrease in cell wall Xyl, compared with a 60% decrease in the Arabidopsis IRX10/IRX10-L double mutant. Effects on chain length cannot be inferred from profiles of concentration against retention volume alone when substitution is changed, as is the case here, because this will also affect M r .…”

“…Recently, a rice (Oryza sativa) line carrying a mutation in the ortholog of IRX10 was shown to have decreased xylan content, although the decrease was modest (10% decrease in cell wall Xyl). The mutation also resulted in smaller stature and increased ease of biomass saccharification (Chen et al, 2013). A microsomal complex isolated from wheat (Triticum aestivum) seedlings that exhibited all the main activities required for synthesizing glucuronoarabinoxylan (i.e.…”

Breeding maize for silage and biofuel production, an illustration of a step forward with the genome sequence

“…Rice OsGT47A (also named OsIRX10) mutants had a reduced level of xylans and showed an increase in saccharification efficiency [92] . Only two of the eight GT43 genes colocalized with IVNDFD QTLs, while conversely six of the 13 GT47 considered genes colocalized, but in only two positions as four and two GT47 IRX10-like genes were clustered in bins 3.05 and 6.07, respectively.…”

Asparagus IRX9, IRX10, and IRX14A Are Components of an Active Xylan Backbone Synthase Complex that Forms in the Golgi Apparatus

“…Among these, AtIRX9 and AtIRX14 (both GT43 family members) and AtIRX10 (GT47), as well as their functionally redundant homologs, are believed to be involved directly in xylan backbone biosynthesis and to form a complex in the GA (Rennie and Scheller 2014). Orthologs of the AtIRX proteins have been identified in many other species, including wheat (Zeng et al, 2010), Populus trichocarpa (Lee et al, 2012b), Physcomitrella patens (Hörnblad et al, 2013), Plantago ovata (Jensen et al, 2013), rice (Oryza sativa; Chen et al, 2013;Chiniquy et al, 2013), Gossypium hirsutum , Neolamarckia cadamba (Zhao et al, 2014), and garden asparagus (Asparagus officinalis; Song et al, 2015). Enzymes involved in xylan backbone biosynthesis as well as side chain decorations, such as the arabinosyltransferases, glucuronosyltransferases, and acetylation enzymes, were recently reviewed by Rennie and Scheller (2014) and Hao and Mohnen (2014).…”