Inactivation of Murine Norovirus and Fecal Coliforms by Ferrate(VI) in Secondary Effluent Wastewater

Abstract

Ferrate­(VI) (FeVIO4 2, Fe­(VI)) is an emerging oxidant/disinfectant to treat a wide range of contaminants and microbial pollutants in wastewater. This study describes the inactivation of murine norovirus (MNV) by Fe­(VI) in phosphate buffer (PB) and secondary effluent wastewater (SEW). The decay of Fe­(VI) had second-order kinetics in PB while Fe­(VI) underwent an initial demand followed by first-order decay kinetics in SEW. The Chick–Watson inactivation kinetic model, based on integral CT (ICT) dose, well fitted the inactivation of MNV in both PB and SEW. In PB, the values of the inactivation rate constant (k d) decreased with an increase in pH, which was related to the reaction of protonated Fe­(VI) species (HFeO4 –) with MNV. Higher k d was observed in SEW than in PB. The inactivation of indigenous fecal coliforms (FC) in SEW was also measured. A two-population double-exponential model that accounted for both dispersed and particle-associated FC well fitted the inactivation data with determined k d and particle-associated inactivation rate constant (k p). Results show that Fe­(VI) was more effective in inactivating dispersed FC than MNV. The MNV inactivation results obtained herein, coupled with the detailed modeling, provide important information in designing an Fe­(VI) wastewater disinfection process.

Environmental chemistry is most relevant to study coronavirus pandemics

“…Coronavirus-type viruses may inactivate in wastewater, with temperature highly influencing the inactivation rate (Wigginton and Boehm 2020). During wastewater treatment, oxidants and disinfectants can inactivate enveloped viruses (Manoli et al 2020). However, many poor communities lack the infrastructure to provide clean water, and therefore would face exposure of infectious viruses.…”

Recomendações para remodelação dos processos de desinfecção de efluentes no Brasil – Um alerta deflagrado pela pandemia COVID-19

“…No âmbito da remoção de cargas virais, Manoli et al (2019) demonstra a capacidade do ferrato (VI), como desinfetante, à desativação de vírus, indicando os danos à proteína dos capsídeos e ao genoma como possíveis causadores da desativação dos patógenos.…”

Application of Fe(VI) in abating contaminants in water: State of art and knowledge gaps

“…Fe(VI) is an environmental benign disinfectant with the ability of damaging the genome and the oxidant-sensitive protein structures of microorganisms, hindering their growth and reproduction (Hu et al, 2012;Yan et al, 2020). Previous studies have demonstrated that Fe(VI) can effectively inactivate a wide variety of microorganisms including cyanobacteria (Sharma, 2007), bacteriophage MS2 (Hu et al, 2012), f2 virus (Schink and Waite, 1980), norovirus (Manoli et al, 2020), Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus (Sharma, 2007), micro-algae (Fan et al, 2018), and so on. It was reported that a Fe (VI) CT dose of about 3.5 (mg$min)/L was required for the 2 log removal of Escherichia coli at pH 7.0, and at a Fe(VI) CT dose of 2.0 (mg$min)/L at pH 7.0, a 2 log removal of MS2 can be obtained (Hu et al, 2012;Manoli et al, 2020).…”

“…Previous studies have demonstrated that Fe(VI) can effectively inactivate a wide variety of microorganisms including cyanobacteria (Sharma, 2007), bacteriophage MS2 (Hu et al, 2012), f2 virus (Schink and Waite, 1980), norovirus (Manoli et al, 2020), Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus (Sharma, 2007), micro-algae (Fan et al, 2018), and so on. It was reported that a Fe (VI) CT dose of about 3.5 (mg$min)/L was required for the 2 log removal of Escherichia coli at pH 7.0, and at a Fe(VI) CT dose of 2.0 (mg$min)/L at pH 7.0, a 2 log removal of MS2 can be obtained (Hu et al, 2012;Manoli et al, 2020). Although the disinfection performance of the conventional disinfectants closely associates with pH in addition to the type of microorganisms, the influence of pH on the disinfection performance of Fe(VI) is less than that of other conventional disinfectants, which further demonstrates the superiority of Fe(VI) technologies.…”

“…The studies on Fe(VI) and its application can be roughly divided into three categories: 1) clarifying the properties of Fe(VI) so as to provide the theoretical basis for the practical application of Fe(VI) (Lee et al, 2004;Sharma, 2010;Lee et al, 2014); 2) evaluating the feasibility of Fe (VI) technologies to abate various contaminants in water (Lee et al, 2009;Chen et al, 2019b;Manoli et al, 2020), exploring the influence of coexisting components on the removal of target contaminants (Jiang et al, 2015;Feng et al, 2016;Luo et al, 2019), and the formation of toxic byproducts (Lee et al, 2014;Jiang et al, 2016a, b); and 3) developing various enhanced Fe(VI) oxidation technologies to overcome the limitations of Fe(VI) (Shao et al, 2019;Tian et al, 2020;Wu et al, 2020). The redox potentials of Fe(VI) are + 2.2 V and + 0.7 V (vs NHE) in acidic and basic solutions, respectively (Sharma et al, 2015).…”