Inactivation of Ebola virus and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in platelet concentrates and plasma by ultraviolet C light and methylene blue plus visible light, respectively

Eickmann, Markus; Gravemann, Ute; Handke, Wiebke; Tolksdorf, Frank; Reichenberg, Stefan; Müller, Thomas H.; Seltsam, Axel

doi:10.1111/trf.14652

Cited by 107 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The infectious titer of virus did not show any significant reduction after 25 cycles of thawing and freezing [44]. After the outbreak of SARS and MERS, a few studies investigated pathogen inactivation/reduction technologies (PRTs) based on in-house or commercial methods with the aim to decrease or completely eradicate the potential risk of transmission of coronaviruses via blood products or blood derivatives [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. These studies are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Inactivation Of Coronavirus In Blood Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Illumination with different wavelengths also influenced activities of SARS and MERS virus in blood. Ultraviolet (UV)-A [46,47,51]and UV-B light [54] in the presence of amotosalen or riboflavin could inactivate the pathogens' nucleic acids, whereas a third PRT method uses UV-C light only [45,48]. These commercial systems could reduce the activities of SARS and MERS virus in plasma or platelet concentrates to different degrees.…”

Section: Inactivation Of Coronavirus In Blood Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coronavirus Disease 2019: Coronaviruses and Blood Safety

Chang

Yan

Wang

2020

Transfusion Medicine Reviews

592

602

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Section: Inactivation Of Coronavirus In Blood Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inactivation Of Coronavirus In Blood Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus Disease 2019: Coronaviruses and Blood Safety

Chang

Yan

Wang

2020

Transfusion Medicine Reviews

592

602

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“…It has been demonstrated that UVC treatment significantly reduces the infectivity of platelet products contaminated by disease‐causing bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. In addition, THERAFLEX UV‐Platelets inactivates contaminating donor WBCs while preserving platelet function and coagulation factors …”

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confidence: 99%

Bacterial inactivation of platelet concentrates with the THERAFLEX UV‐Platelets pathogen inactivation system

et al. 2018

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BACKGROUND The THERAFLEX UV‐Platelets system (Maco Pharma) uses ultraviolet C (UVC) light for pathogen inactivation (PI) of platelet concentrates (PCs) without any additional photoactive compound. The aim of the study was to systematically investigate bacterial inactivation with this system under conditions of intended use. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The robustness of the system was evaluated by assessing its capacity to inactivate high concentrations of different bacterial species in accordance with World Health Organization guidelines. The optimal use of the PI system was explored in time‐to‐treatment experiments by testing its ability to sterilize PCs contaminated with low levels of bacteria on the day of manufacture (target concentration, 100 colony‐forming units/unit). The bacteria panel used for spiking experiments in this study included the World Health Organization International Repository Platelet Transfusion Relevant Reference Strains (n = 14), commercially available strains (n = 13), and in‐house clinical isolates (n = 2). RESULTS Mean log reduction factors after UVC treatment ranged from 3.1 to 7.5 and varied between different strains of the same species. All PCs (n = 12/species) spiked with up to 200 colony‐forming units/bag remained sterile until the end of storage when UVC treated 6 hours after spiking. UVC treatment 8 hours after spiking resulted in single breakthrough contaminations with the fast‐growing species Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pyogenes. CONCLUSION The UVC‐based THERAFLEX UV‐Platelets system efficiently inactivates transfusion‐relevant bacterial species in PCs. The comprehensive data from this study may provide a valuable basis for the optimal use of this UVC‐based PI system.

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“… §The UVC transparency of the irradiation bags was increased during the development of the THERAFLEX UV‐Platelets system. The inactivation efficacy of a UVC dose of 0.2 J/cm 2 used as full dose in this study and other recent studies , is equivalent to a UVC dose of 0.3 J/cm 2 used in the early phase of development , …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Ultraviolet C light efficiently inactivates nonenveloped hepatitis A virus and feline calicivirus in platelet concentrates

et al. 2018

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BACKGROUND Nonenveloped transfusion‐transmissible viruses such as hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are resistant to many of the common virus inactivation procedures for blood products. This study investigated the pathogen inactivation (PI) efficacy of the THERAFLEX UV‐Platelets system against two nonenveloped viruses: HAV and feline calicivirus (FCV), in platelet concentrates (PCs). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS PCs in additive solution were spiked with high titers of cell culture–derived HAV and FCV, and treated with ultraviolet C at various doses. Pre‐ and posttreatment samples were taken and the level of viral infectivity determined at each dose. For some samples, large‐volume plating was performed to improve the detection limit of the virus assay. RESULTS THERAFLEX UV‐Platelets reduced HAV titers in PCs to the limit of detection, resulting in a virus reduction factor of greater than 4.2 log steps, and reduced FCV infectivity in PCs by 3.0 ± 0.2 log steps. CONCLUSIONS THERAFLEX UV‐Platelets effectively inactivates HAV and FCV in platelet units.

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Inactivation of Ebola virus and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in platelet concentrates and plasma by ultraviolet C light and methylene blue plus visible light, respectively

Abstract: Both THERAFLEX UV-Platelets (UVC) and THERAFLEX MB-Plasma (MB/light) effectively reduce EBOV and MERS-CoV infectivity in platelets and plasma, respectively.

Cited by 107 publications

References 32 publications

Coronavirus Disease 2019: Coronaviruses and Blood Safety

Coronavirus Disease 2019: Coronaviruses and Blood Safety

Bacterial inactivation of platelet concentrates with the THERAFLEX UV‐Platelets pathogen inactivation system

Ultraviolet C light efficiently inactivates nonenveloped hepatitis A virus and feline calicivirus in platelet concentrates

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