Inactivated influenza virus vaccines in man: a comparative study of subunit and split vaccines using two methods for assessment of antibody responses

Jennings, R.; Smith, T. L.; Spencer, R C; Mellersh, A.M.; Edey, Dorothy; Fenton, Paul; Potter, C. W.

doi:10.1016/s0264-410x(98)90036-6

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In recent years, SRH has been extensively employed for the measurement of antibody against both A and B viruses (Vaananen et al 1976;Delem & Jovanovic, 1978;Chakraverty, 1980;Goodeve et al 1983) and the test correlates well with the HI for the measurement of serum antibodies to influenza A viruses (Russell et al 1975;Schild et al 1975;Farrohi et al 1977;Jennings et al 1984). In the present studies the two tests showed good correlation for the measurement of both HI and H3 antibodies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…An influenza virus vaccine study carried out at the University of Sheffield in 1976 provided 25 serum pairs from student volunteers challenged with WRL 105 virus during a dose-response study on an inactivated influenza virus vaccine (Potter et al 1977 Serological tests (a) Haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests HI tests on paired sera were carried out using standard procedures and a microtitre method (Jennings et al 1981;Jennings et al 1984). Both A/USSR/77 and WRL 105 virus antigens were used at eight haemagglutinating units.…”

Section: Serum Pair8mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The procedures used for SRH tests on paired sera have also been described elsewhere (Goodeve, Jennings & Potter, 1983;Jennings et al 1984). Essentially the gels for haemolysis were prepared using the methods of Oxford, Yetts & Schild (1982), except that veronal buffered saline (VBS) was used as diluent throughout (Kurtz et al 1980).…”

Section: Serum Pair8mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a test both simple and reproducible, rapid to perform, and more sensitive than the conventional haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test (Russel, McCahon & Beare, 1975;Oxford et al 1982;Goodeve, Jennings & Potter, 1983;Jennings et al 1984). Antibody measured by SRH is expressed in terms of zone areas of haemolysis (Russell et al 1975), and in recent years the zone area increase corresponding to significant rises in antibody titre in serum pairs have been defined for both influenza A (Oxford et al 1982) and influenza B viruses (Goodeve et al 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interpretation of responses and protective levels of antibody against attenuated influenza A viruses using single radial haemolysis

Al-Khayatt

Jennings

Potter

1984

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYAntibody determinations against H3N2 and HINI type A influenza viruses were carried out on paired sera obtained from volunteers taking part in influenza virus vaccine studies, using both the haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) and single radial haemolysis (SRH) test. Good correlation between the HI and SRH test was found for both H3N2 and HI NI antibody and the zone area increases corresponding to significant SRH antibody rises determined for both virus strains. In both H3N2 and HiN1 vaccine studies, intranasal infection of the volunteers with live attenuated viruses was involved and by the measurement of HI and SRH antibodies prior to and following infection, levels of antibody equating with protection against the infecting viruses could be estimated. For the HI test the antibody titres associated with 500 protection were 42 for HI N 1, and 44 for H3N2 viruses; for the SRH test, 50 % protection was associated with zone areas of 200-25-0 mm2 for both HINI and H3N2 viruses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Serum Pair8mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Serum Pair8mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Interpretation of responses and protective levels of antibody against attenuated influenza A viruses using single radial haemolysis

Al-Khayatt

Jennings

Potter

1984

J. Hyg.

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“…The method was essentially that of Oxford et al (1979), with modifications described elsewhere (Goodeve, Jennings & Potter, 1983;Jennings et al 1984). Between sera tested on the same immunoplate, differences in zone area of 3 480 were significant and this agrees well with values quoted elsewhere for influenza A viruses (Oxford, Yetts & Schild, 1982;Jennings et al 1984;Al-Khayatt, Jennings & Potter, 1984).…”

Section: Serological Testssupporting

confidence: 80%

Morphology and antigenicity studies on reassortant influenza (H3N2) viruses for use in inactivated vaccines

Pemberton

Jennings

Smith

1985

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYThree influenza A (H3N2) reassortant whole virus vaccine strains with differing antibody-inducing capacities in hamsters were investigated morphologically and antigenically. Although initial measurements ofvirion circumference, from electron micrographs of vaccine preparations, suggested a relationship of small virion size with low immunogenicity, subsequent immunization with, and morphological investigation of, vaccine virions separated on sucrose gradients, failed to obtain populations whose antibody-inducing capacity clearly correlated with constituent virion density, size, morphology or integrity.However, antigenic investigation using single radial haemolysis (SRH) and monoclonal antibodies revealed significant differences in antigenic specificity between the strains. Furthermore, a series of H3N2 isolates, derived using standard reassortment procedures, also showed differences in antigenic specificity in their haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) reactions with monoclonal antibodies after five passages in allantois-on-shell cultures. Variation between these isolates and their A/Victoria parent virus could be detected using SRH and hamster sera raised against each isolate.These results demonstrate variation between candidate influenza A virus vaccine strains, all possessing the same surface (H3N2) glycoproteins, expressed as a consequence of the reassortant system used for their production.

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Molecular Approaches to Vaccines

Bachrach

1986

Genetic Engineering of Animals

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Inactivated influenza virus vaccines in man: a comparative study of subunit and split vaccines using two methods for assessment of antibody responses

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

Interpretation of responses and protective levels of antibody against attenuated influenza A viruses using single radial haemolysis

Interpretation of responses and protective levels of antibody against attenuated influenza A viruses using single radial haemolysis

Morphology and antigenicity studies on reassortant influenza (H3N2) viruses for use in inactivated vaccines

Molecular Approaches to Vaccines

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