In what way a ‘Guarantee for youth’? NEETs entrapped by labour market policies in the European Union

Emmanouil, Effie; Chatzichristos, Georgios; Herod, Andrew; Gialis, Stelios

doi:10.1080/13676261.2023.2211943

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…However, the greater reductions in NEET rates in Spain and Portugal may in part reflect the more effective implementation of the YG as has been suggested in other qualitative studies (e.g., Emmanouil et al, 2023;Petrescu et al, 2022). We are able to unequivocally assert, however, that the situation of NEETs outside the labour market, many of whom exhibit high vulnerability, have not seen their situation improve significantly during the lifespan of the YG to date.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

The Youth Guarantee, Vulnerability, and Social Exclusion Among NEETs in Southern Europe

O'Higgins,

Brockie

2024

PaG

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Young people neither in employment, education, or training (NEETs) are particularly vulnerable to social and economic exclusion. Indeed, recognition of this fact was a key motivating factor underlying the development of the Youth Guarantee. This article uses data from the EU Labour Force Survey and EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions to examine how the characteristics of the NEET population and their associated vulnerability to social exclusion vary across different sub-groups of young NEETs and how this has changed in Italy, Portugal, and Spain since 2015. The analysis focuses on the determinants of NEET status, youth vulnerability to poverty and social exclusion, and also examines the propensity of young NEETs to engage with public employment services in order to assess the extent to which young people most at risk of social exclusion are within the purview of the Youth Guarantee’s activities. The article highlights how the composition and vulnerability of young NEETs have altered between 2015 and 2021. While the risks of poverty and social exclusion of long-term unemployed NEETs have remained unchanged since 2015, the vulnerability of the most at-risk subgroup of young people, those who are NEET due to family responsibilities, has become more pronounced. Moreover, the engagement with public employment services of the most at-risk NEET sub-groups has remained persistently low. The findings suggest that greater efforts are needed to remove the obstacles to labour market re-integration faced by the most vulnerable groups within the purview of the programme and, above all, young women with family responsibilities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

The Youth Guarantee, Vulnerability, and Social Exclusion Among NEETs in Southern Europe

O'Higgins,

Brockie

2024

PaG

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“…It has already been established that how the Youth Guarantee is designed can lend itself to socio-spatial inequalities in the Spanish context (Emmanouil et al, 2023). The results of this article suggest that the recentralisation process on a national level across Spain may accelerate this phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

The Impact of Multilevel Governmental Policy on Rural Catalonia: Voices From the Grassroots

Agahi,

Pell Dempere,

Feu

et al. 2024

PaG

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One decade on from the launch of the European Youth Guarantee Initiative, there is still limited research into its efficacy in rural areas. In Spain, a country with significant urban-rural disparity, the complexity of the governmental structure across the country has made investigations into the effectiveness of youth employment strategies less common as compared with other European states. Our study analyses the meso-level structure of the Spanish government and how the Public Employment Services (PES) factor into the overall process of disseminating active labour market policies across the country. The study is based in the autonomous community of Catalonia and includes a case study in the region of Lleida. Through open-ended interviews with members at different levels of the local PES, including the director and various other staff, as well as with local policymakers, youth workers in local organisations, and the youth themselves, we aim to shed light on how the Youth Guarantee is being implemented on the ground. This will take into account the structural constraints, needs, and challenges under the new law as expressed by the various stakeholders. The results indicate that both youth and local PES are negatively impacted by some centralised aspects of employment policy, such as the stringent requirements for training courses that prove prohibitive for rural areas, as well as the urban-centric design of training courses. Further, the youth collectively express a strong desire for their voice to find expression in the design of active labour market policies.

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“…European Union inter-national 'solidarity' transfers to its post-2004 member states have not matched Germany's intranational generosity. Indeed, EU Youth Guarantees tend to reinforce the anchorage of young people in depressed local labour markets (see Emmanouil et al 2023).…”

Section: Europe United?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Education-to-Work Transitions in Former Communist Countries after 30-Plus Years of Transformation

Roberts,

Pantea,

Dabija

2023

Social Sciences

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This paper reviews how young people’s education-to-work transitions have changed since 1989 in former communist countries that have subsequently become full members of the European Union (EU). The sudden collapse of the command economies led to an equally abrupt breakdown in earlier routes into working life. Subsequently, the new independent states have reconstructed their education and training, and their market economies have developed. They now exhibit similar variations in rates of youth unemployment, progression through higher education, and mixtures of academic and vocational secondary education as older EU member states. However, there are features that continue to set all ex-communist countries apart, irrespective of whether they have become full EU members. These are low local rates of pay and westward migration. Its new member states have joined the Southern countries in a European periphery. Yet, there may be sufficient winners in the European core and periphery to keep Europe united.

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In what way a ‘Guarantee for youth’? NEETs entrapped by labour market policies in the European Union

Cited by 6 publications

References 41 publications

The Youth Guarantee, Vulnerability, and Social Exclusion Among NEETs in Southern Europe

The Youth Guarantee, Vulnerability, and Social Exclusion Among NEETs in Southern Europe

The Impact of Multilevel Governmental Policy on Rural Catalonia: Voices From the Grassroots

Education-to-Work Transitions in Former Communist Countries after 30-Plus Years of Transformation

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