In-vivo study of synthetic and natural food colors effect on biochemical and immunity parameters

Shakoor, Sadaf; Ismail, Amin; Sabran, Mohd; Mohtarrudin, Norhafizah; Kaka, Ubedullah; Nadeem, Muhammad

doi:10.1590/fst.41420

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Body weights of animals were recorded before and after the experiment using a weighing scale. The percentage of gained weight was expressed as [(final weight -start weight) / start weight] × 100 (El-Malky et al, 2014;Shakoor et al, 2020). Animals (under experiment) were provided with 30 -35 g/oral feed and 30 -35 mL/water; according to the composition of experimental diets by Kim et al (2005).…”

Section: Body Weight Feed and Water Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of tartrazine and curcumin on mineral status, and thyroid and reproductive hormones disruption in vivo

Shakoor¹,

Ismail²,

Zia-ur-Rahman³

et al. 2022

IFRJ

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Endocrine disrupters (EDCs) are naturally occurring or man-made substances that either mimic or obstruct the functions of oestrogens and androgens, thyroid hormones, as well as microminerals in the body. The present work aimed to evaluate the effects of oral administration of tartrazine and curcumin, synthetic and natural dyes, respectively, on thyroid hormones (T3, T4, and TSH), female reproductive hormones (oestrogen, progesterone, LH, and FSH), and minerals (iron, copper, zinc, sodium, potassium, and chloride) in plasma, liver, and kidney of female rats after 15, 30, and 45 d of treatment. The rats were treated with admissible daily intake (ADI) and 10× ADI (9.6 and 96 mg/kg/body weight for tartrazine, 3.85 and 38.5 mg/kg/body weight for curcumin, respectively). Results showed significant changes in thyroid and female reproductive hormones, especially, in the tartrazine-treated groups as compared to the control. Low and high doses of tartrazine and curcumin significantly (p < 0.05) decreased iron, copper, and zinc concentrations in plasma, whereas, the concentrations of sodium and copper in liver and kidney increased. Both tartrazine and curcumin, at ADI and 10× ADI, resulted in lower LH levels after 30 and 45 d of treatment. After 30 d, low and high dose of tartrazine significantly decreased T4, oestrogen, and FSH levels; whereas, progesterone level increased. The results demonstrated that hormone secretion and mineral content in tissues are severely affected at ADI and higher concentrations of tartrazine and curcumin. These observations suggested that lower doses of these dyes might be a safer option for their usage in foods and pharmaceuticals.

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Section: Body Weight Feed and Water Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of tartrazine and curcumin on mineral status, and thyroid and reproductive hormones disruption in vivo

Shakoor¹,

Ismail²,

Zia-ur-Rahman³

et al. 2022

IFRJ

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“…It is generally believed that cold stimulation is related to the susceptibility of respiratory system infection, and cold stimulation is only a secondary inducer (Joo et al, 2016). However, especially in the seasons with large temperature difference, the probabilities of respiratory diseases are directly and significantly increased, especially for children and the elderly with weak immunity in the cold environment of real life (Shakoor et al, 2021). Therefore, we believe that cold stimulation may be the main factor leading to host pneumonia directly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Establishment of a mouse pneumonia model under cold stress

2022

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Simulating the cold living environment of the human body in winter, establishing a mouse model of pneumonia under single-factor cold stimulation to provide a basis and a new direction for further research on the relationship between cold and pulmonary inflammation. C57/BL6J mice were divided into three groups: A (initial control group), B (control group), and C (experimental group). They were randomly divided into 10 mice for each group, placed in an environment (temperature 22 ± 1 °C, humidity 50 ± 5%). After 3 weeks, mice in group A were sacrificed. Group C mice were exposed to environment (temperature 4 °C, humidity 50 ± 5%) for 8 h (9 am to 5 pm), and mice in group B were placed. (The temperature was 22 ± 1°C, humidity 50 ± 5%). The lungs of the mice in group A and B were normal. The inflammatory cells infiltrated in the mice in group C, and the alveolar structure disappeared. The neutrophil immunohistochemistry showed a significant increase in neutrophils and the percentage of blood neutrophils. Higher than group A and B (P < 0.05). The mice were stimulated daily for 8 hours at a temperature of 4 °C and humidity (50 ± 5) % for 30 days to establish a cold-stimulated pneumonia model.

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“…The IC 50 was reported to 25.86 mg/ml (Patel Amit et al ., 2011) or 13.69 mg/ml (Du et al ., 2006) from curcumin against α‐glucosidase in vitro studies. Although its inhibitory effect is not as good as acarbose at the level of 0.18 mg/ml (Cardullo et al ., 2020), curcumin also exhibits additional biological activity as a natural polyphenol with no side effects based on the admissible daily intake of 3.85 mg/kg/body weight (Amalraj et al., 2017; Shakoor et al ., 2021). On the other hand, in vivo studies demonstrated that curcumin displayed an obvious inhibition effect on α‐glucosidase activity via gavage for mice (Cao et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curcumin as a mild natural α‐glucosidase inhibitor: a study on its mechanism in vitro

Liu

Zhu

et al. 2021

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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Curcumin, natural dietary ingredient, is considered as mild effective inhibitors for α-glucosidase to prevent type 2 diabetes. In this work, spectroscopic techniques combined with molecular simulation were used to further understand the inhibition kinetic mechanism of curcumin on α-glucosidase. Curcumin showed a mild inhibition effect (IC 50 =20.54 AE 1.02 mg/ml) for α-glucosidases through a competitive inhibition mechanism, and it led to fluorescence quenching as well as energy transfer by binding behaviour (average binding distance, r 0 = 2.43 nm). Hydrogen bonds and steric hindrance were the main interactions between curcumin and the activity site of α-glucosidases, as revealed by molecular docking. Circular dichroism spectroscopy results also indicate that curcumin affected the denaturation temperature of α-glucosidases, which dropped from 74 °C to 68 °C, resulting in inhibition. The findings can contribute to a better understanding of the development and application of curcumin in functional dietary food.

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In-vivo study of synthetic and natural food colors effect on biochemical and immunity parameters

Cited by 7 publications

References 32 publications

Impact of tartrazine and curcumin on mineral status, and thyroid and reproductive hormones disruption in vivo

Impact of tartrazine and curcumin on mineral status, and thyroid and reproductive hormones disruption in vivo

Establishment of a mouse pneumonia model under cold stress

Curcumin as a mild natural α‐glucosidase inhibitor: a study on its mechanism in vitro

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