In vivo response of ionomeric cements: effect of glass composition, increasing soda or calcium fluoride content

Can glass polyalkenoate (glass-ionomer) dental cements be considered bioactive? A review

“…Initial studies were carried out some years ago at the time when there was interest in developing glass polyalkenoate bone cements based on conventional acid-base materials [ 73 , 74 ]. This led to a variety of in vivo experiments which showed that bone cells would migrate freely over the surface of freshly placed glass-ionomer cements, and eventually produce a strong cement-bone interface [ [75] , [76] , [77] ]. This implied that glass polyalkenoate bone cements were a possibility, and recently this interest has been revived [ 78 ].…”

X-ray diffractometric determination of crystalline phase content in bioactive glasses

“…In the latter cases, the crystalline phases contain elements (Ca, F, Al) that are also present in the vitreous phase 1, 3. Consequently, because the crystalline phases exhibit a lower acid degradability than the glass,4 the phase separation limits the fraction of leachable Ca, Al, and F, which affects the cement‐forming ability of the glass as well as the properties of the hardened GIC 2, 5–8. It is therefore essential to determine the content of crystalline CaF 2 and Al 2 O 3 in GIC glass samples with respect to the content of the corresponding elements in the amorphous vitreous phase.…”