In vivo Population Averaged Stereotaxic T2w MRI Brain Template for the Adult Yucatan Micropig

Chang, Stephano J.; Santamaría, Andrea J.; Sánchez, Francisco J.; Villamil, Luz M.; Saraiva, Pedro Pinheiro; Rodríguez, José Manuel Pestano; Nunez-Gomez, Yohjans; Opriş, Ioan; Solano, Juan P.; Guest, James D.; Noga, Brian R.

doi:10.3389/fnana.2020.599701

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…When the active contacts that were effective at evoking locomotion were plotted onto a population-averaged MRI brain template that was generated for the Yucatan micropig [ 20 ], we found that these contacts were grouped dorsal to the cluster of cholinergic neurons delineating the PPN, with the most ventral of these contacts reaching the most dorsal aspect of the cholinergic group of cells ( Fig. 4A , D – F ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was done using a post-operative CT scan (0.6 mm slices) in the Neuroimaging Informatics Technology Initiative (NifTI) format, which was rigidly registered to the pre-operative individual MRI using SPM12 (Wellcome Trust Center for Neuroimaging; https://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm/software/spm12/ ) [ 25 ]. These images were used to localize contact positions onto a population-averaged MRI brain template [ 20 ], by applying the transformations generated during the construction of this non-linear template to the corresponding rigidly registered CT images. Electrode localizations were performed using Lead-DBS software ( https://www.lead-dbs.org/ ) [ 26 ], implemented in MATLAB 9.9 R2020b (The Mathworks Inc., Natick, MA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ac.uk/spm/software/spm12/) [25]. These images were used to localize contact positions onto a population-averaged MRI brain template [20], by applying the transformations generated during the construction of this non-linear template to the corresponding rigidly registered CT images. Electrode localizations were performed using Lead-DBS software (https://www.lead-dbs.org/) [26], implemented in MATLAB 9.9 R2020b (The Mathworks Inc., Natick, MA).…”

Section: Electrode Localizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pig is increasingly recognized as a translational model in the neurosciences [ 15 – 19 ]. In particular, pigs have large, convoluted brains and spinal cords that are amenable to in vivo imaging with medical-grade MRI and CT scanners, and adult population-averaged brain templates have recently been developed for the Yucatan miniature breeds [ 20 , 21 ]. Furthermore, the pig brain is large enough to accommodate commercially available human DBS electrodes [ 15 ], making them a useful model for neuromodulation studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep brain stimulation of midbrain locomotor circuits in the freely moving pig

et al. 2021

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Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) has been studied as a therapeutic target in rodent models of stroke, parkinsonism, and spinal cord injury. Clinical DBS trials have targeted the closely related pedunculopontine nucleus in patients with Parkinson's disease as a therapy for gait dysfunction, with mixed reported outcomes. Recent studies suggest that optimizing the MLR target could improve its effectiveness. Objective: We sought to determine if stereotaxic targeting and DBS in the midbrain of the pig, in a region anatomically similar to that previously identified as the MLR in other species, could initiate and modulate ongoing locomotion, as a step towards generating a large animal neuromodulation model of gait. Methods: We implanted Medtronic 3389 electrodes into putative MLR structures in Yucatan micropigs to characterize the locomotor effects of acute DBS in this region, using EMG recordings, joint kinematics, and speed measurements on a manual treadmill. Results: MLR DBS initiated and augmented locomotion in freely moving micropigs. Effective locomotor sites centered around the cuneiform nucleus and stimulation frequency controlled locomotor speed and stepping frequency. Off-target stimulation evoked defensive and aversive behaviors that precluded locomotion in the animals. Conclusion: Pigs appear to have an MLR and can be used to model neuromodulation of this gaitpromoting center. These results indicate that the pig is a useful model to guide future clinical studies for optimizing MLR DBS in cases of gait deficiencies associated with such conditions as Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury, or stroke.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrode Localizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep brain stimulation of midbrain locomotor circuits in the freely moving pig

et al. 2021

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“…These "vertical" within-species translations permit insight into cortical organization at the population level across distinct modalities of magnetic resonance imaging 7 . While templates have been constructed for the pig neuroimaging community [9][10][11] , differences in breed, animal size, and age led us to build the Porcine Neurological Imaging Space (PNI50), a volumetric and surface based template space representing the average brain of 50 Large White pigs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opening the Pig to Comparative Neuroimaging: A Common Space Approach Contextualizes the Pig and Human Structural Connectome

Benn¹,

Mars

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The pig is widely used as a translational model in biomedical research, but currently lacks the requisite cortical characterization of homology to be used as a translational model in neuroscience. To overcome this obstacle, we created a digital platform based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging and data-driven tractography to facilitate cross-species cortical alignment of the pig and human brain. The full platform of pig neuroimaging tools includes volumetric and surface templates, a structural white matter atlas, and the establishment of a common connectivity space to facilitate pig-human cortical alignment. To promote the further adoption of the pig in neuroimaging, other researchers can access the common connectivity space by registering their data into pig volumetric and surface template space. Doing so, we advance the pig's translational capacity, making it a model capable of asking clinically relevant questions in neurology and neuroscience.

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Open-source 3D printable frameless stereotaxic system for young and adult pigs

Malbert

2021

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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In vivo Population Averaged Stereotaxic T2w MRI Brain Template for the Adult Yucatan Micropig

Cited by 9 publications

References 58 publications

Deep brain stimulation of midbrain locomotor circuits in the freely moving pig

Deep brain stimulation of midbrain locomotor circuits in the freely moving pig

Opening the Pig to Comparative Neuroimaging: A Common Space Approach Contextualizes the Pig and Human Structural Connectome

Open-source 3D printable frameless stereotaxic system for young and adult pigs

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