In vivo metabolism of diallyl disulphide in the rat: identification of two new metabolites

Abstract

1. Diallyl disulphide (DADS), a compound formed from the organosulphur compounds present in garlic, is known for its anticarcinogenic effects in animal models. 2. The aim was to identify and analyse the metabolites produced in vivo after a single oral administration of 200 mg kg(-1) DADS to rats. The organic sulphur metabolites present in the stomach, liver, plasma and urine were measured by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry over 15 days. 3. Data indicate that DADS is absorbed and transformed into allyl mercaptan, allyl methyl sulphide, allyl methyl sulphoxide (AMSO) and allyl methyl sulphone (AMSO(2)), which are detected throughout the excretion period. Overall, the highest amounts of metabolites were measured 48-72h after the DADS administration. AMSO(2) is the most abundant and persistent of these compounds. The levels of all the sulphur compounds rapidly decline within the first week after administration and disappear during the second week. Only AMSO and AMSO(2) are significantly excreted in urine. 4. These potential metabolites are thought to be active in the target tissues. Our data warrant further studies to check this hypothesis.

In Vitro Efficacy of Diallyl Sulfides against the Periodontopathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

“…The cytotoxic effects of DAS have been reported to occur at concentrations ranging from 150 to 500 g/ml, and several other studies have shown that lower concentrations (5 to 100 M) of the compounds have no cytotoxic effect (3,10,25,31). The antimicrobial effects observed in our study were found at a concentration of 0.01 g/ml.…”

Diallyl Disulfide Reduced Dose-Dependently the Number of Lymphocyte Subsets and Monocytes in Rats

“…DADS is also partially converted to allyl mercaptan in the blood before reaching the liver or other organs, and is transformed into other products including allyl methyl sulfi de, allyl methyl sulfoxide and allyl methyl sulfone (30)(31)(32). Thus, it is conceivable that these metabolic products affect the number of lymphocytes and monocytes.…”

Allyl alcohol and garlic (Allium sativum) extract produce oxidative stress in Candida albicans

“…Mechanisms, first proposed by Block (1985), for the formation of AA in aqueous environments such as those found in vivo result from the transformation of the thiosulphinates such as diallyl trisulphide and diallyl disulphide (Block, 1985;Block et al, 1992), with up to one-third of the 'lost' allyl groups during the transformation producing AA (Lawson, 1996). Recent investigations with rats reported that similar degradative metabolites are formed in vivo (Germain et al, 2002).…”