In vivo knee laxity in flexion and extension: A radiographic study in 30 older healthy subjects

Highly Satisfied Total Knee Arthroplasty Patients Display a Wide Range of Soft Tissue Balance

“…These values are very similar, in both mean and range, to those documented in the native knee of healthy older adults by Heesterbeek et al who recorded 2.3 degrees þ/À 0.9 (range, 0.2-4.1 degrees) and 2.8 degrees þ/ À 1.3 (range, 0.5-5.4 degrees) for medial and lateral laxity respectively in extension. 22 In 90 degrees of flexion, we documented mean medial laxity of 3.1 degrees þ/À 1.4 (range, 1-9.5 degrees) and mean lateral laxity of 5.2 degrees þ/À 2.5 (range, 1.0-12 degrees) which are again similar values to those documented in the healthy population. Jenny examined ligament laxity in young adults utilizing computer navigation with the same technique as our study and recorded 90 degrees of flexion values of 3.6 degrees þ/À 1.2 (range, 2-7 degrees) and 3.7 degrees þ/ À 1.2 (range, 2-6 degrees) for medial and lateral laxity, respectively.…”

“…At each measurement point there was greater mean lateral laxity which is consistent with findings examining mean lateral versus medial laxity in the healthy knee population. 19,20,22 While highly satisfied patients in this study had increased lateral laxity as an overall cohort, there was considerable individual variation in this finding. With 45, 42, and 17% of the cohort having greater medial laxity at maximum extension, 20 degrees of flexion and 90 degrees of flexion, respectively.…”

Moderate clinical improvement after revision arthroplasty of the severely stiff knee

“…In case of suspected instability, additional stress radiographs were performed to identify an objective varus, valgus or AP instability. TKA instability was defined as a knee instability of >4° [12], while lateral flexion instability had to be >6° [24]. TKA malposition was determined based on the preoperative radiographic examination or observations during surgery, which were documented in the medical chart.…”

Knee Function and Subjective Stability Following Total Condylar Arthroplasty in Joints with Preoperative Varus or Valgus Deformity

“…Ba lan so wa nie tkanek mięk kich pod czas to tal nej en do pro te zo pla sty ki sta wu ko la no we go jest zło żo ną kwe stią szcze gól nie w przy pad ku sta wów z za awan so wa ną de for ma cją w płasz czyź nie czo ło wej [24]. Sto pień wiot ko ści więza dło wej w płasz czyź nie czo ło wej w sta wie ko la nowym w po pu la cji osób star szych za wie ra się po między 2,8° pod czas szpo ta wie nia a 2,3° pod czas ko ślawie nia [25]. Au to rzy su ge ru ją, iż w trak cie to tal nej endo pro te zo pla sty ki ko la na, po zo sta wie nie wiot ko ści wię za dło wej w płasz czyź nie czo ło wej na po zio mie do 5° za pew ni lep szy za kres ru chu i brak do le gli wości bó lo wych [16,26].…”

“…Soft tissue balancing during a TKA is a complex issue especially in knees with a deformity in the coronal plane [24]. Coronal knee laxity in the elderly population is between 2.8 and 2.3 degrees for varus and valgus, respectively [25]. Authors suggest that total coronal knee laxity after TKA should be up to 5 degrees for better flexion and absence of pain [16,26].…”