In vivo knee joint loading and kinematics before and after ACL transection in an animal model

Hasler, E.M.; Herzog, Walter; Leonard, Tim; Stano, A.; Nguyen, Hoa

doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(97)00119-x

Cited by 60 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…3 and 4). The differences in ground reaction force deficits between the ACL transection group and controls are in keeping with previous gait analysis studies performed in ACL-deficient animals of other species [15,29]. Botuh u m type-A toxin injection, while having imposed significant reductions in isometric knee extensor torque and muscle mass only produced moderate deficits in the ground reaction forces.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Acute botulinum toxin-induced muscle weakness in the anterior cruciate ligament-deficient rabbit

Longino¹,

Frank²,

Herzog³

2005

J. Orthop. Res.

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We established botulinum type-A toxin (BTX-A) injections as a powerful tool to cause knee extensor weakness in New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. The purpose of this study was to determine if BTX-A induced quadriceps weakness causes muscle dysfunction beyond that caused by anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) transection in the knee of NZW rabbits. Twenty animals were randomly divided into four study groups (n = 5 each); uninjected controls, BTX-A injection alone, ACL transection alone, BTX-A injection and ACL transection combined. Isometric knee extensor torque, quadriceps muscle mass, and vertical and anterior-posterior ground reaction forces were measured four weeks post single (BTX-A and ACL), unilateral intervention. Muscle weakness, muscle atrophy and decrease in ground reaction forces were all significantly greater for the experimental compared to the untreated contralateral legs. BTX-A injection produced a greater deficit in quadriceps mass and knee extensor torque than ACL transection alone, but produced smaller deficits in the ground reaction forces. ACL transection superimposed on BTX-A injection did not change either knee extensor torque production or muscle mass. Together these results suggest that BTX-A injection causes great force and muscle mass deficits, and affects functional gait in a significant manner, but it has no measurable functional effect when superimposed on ACL transection, at least not in the acute protocol tested here. Hopefully, BTX-A injection for acutely enhancing the degree of muscle weakness in otherwise untreated animals, or in experimental models of osteoarthritis, will help in investigating the role of muscle weakness in joint degeneration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Acute botulinum toxin-induced muscle weakness in the anterior cruciate ligament-deficient rabbit

Longino¹,

Frank²,

Herzog³

2005

J. Orthop. Res.

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“…21,22 As far as the authors know, the only existing model of OA in cats is a cruciate transection model. [23][24][25] In a recently published symposium discussion, the investigator, when using that model, argued that, despite radiographic signs of progressive OA, cats do not appear painful. 8 In our study, 55 joints had radiographic signs of OA, but only 18 (33%) of these were painful on manipulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Client‐Specific Outcome Measures and Activity Monitoring to Measure Pain Relief in Cats with Osteoarthritis

Lascelles

Hansen

Roe

et al. 2007

Veterinary Internal Medicne

149

214

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Background: There are no validated systems for measuring pain from osteoarthritis in cats. Hypothesis: Owner subjective assessments and an activity monitor (AM) can be used to detect pain in cats with osteoarthritis and to assess efficacy of treatments.Animals: Thirteen cats older than 10 years old, with owner-assessed decreases in activity, painful arthritic joints, and clinically normal blood work were included and evaluated for 3 weeks.Methods: A collar-mounted AM measured activity and a client-specific outcome measure (CSOM) questionnaire characterized the severity of impairment. Overall global quality of life was also evaluated for each treatment. In weeks 2 and 3, meloxicam (0.1 mg/kg, day 1; 0.05 mg/kg, days 2-5) or a placebo was administered in a blinded, randomized, cross-over manner to test the assessment systems.Results: The cats had a median of 4 arthritic appendicular joints. Activity counts for the week when cats (complete data on activity; n 5 9) were administered meloxicam were significantly higher than at baseline (P 5 .02) but not after placebo (P 5 .06). Baseline activity counts were not significantly different from placebo (P 5 .6). The CSOM data (n 5 13) showed that owners considered their cats to be more active on meloxicam compared with baseline (P 5 .001) and placebo (P , .004), and more active on placebo than at baseline (P , .01). Global quality of life improved significantly with meloxicam (P , .042).Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Both an AM and a CSOM system can detect behavior associated with pain relief in cats that are arthritic. Objective activity data might allow subjective assessment systems to be validated for use in clinical studies.

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“…According to the Arthritis Foundation, the most common form of arthritis, osteoarthritis (OA), appears in the knee more than any other joint. Disease development and progression are influenced by abnormal joint kinematics under dynamic, weight-bearing conditions [2,3]. Therefore, knowledge of kinematics in healthy and arthritic knees would be extremely valuable for understanding the disease's etiology and predisposing factors as well as for guiding surgical planning, technique, and procedure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Accuracy of Model-Based Shape Matching for Measuring Natural Knee Kinematics with Single-Plane Fluoroscopy

Fregly

Rahman

Banks

2005

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering

137

115

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Quantification of knee motion under dynamic, in vivo loaded conditions is necessary to understand how knee kinematics influence joint injury, disease, and rehabilitation. Though recent studies have measured three-dimensional knee kinematics by matching geometric bone models to single-plane fluoroscopic images, factors limiting the accuracy of this approach have not been thoroughly investigated. This study used a three-step computational approach to evaluate theoretical accuracy limitations due to the shape matching process alone. First, cortical bone models of the femur, tibia/ fibula, and patella were created from CT data. Next, synthetic (i.e., computer generated) fluoroscopic images were created by ray tracing the bone models in known poses. Finally, an automated matching algorithm utilizing edge detection methods was developed to align flat-shaded bone models to the synthetic images. Accuracy of the recovered pose parameters was assessed in terms of measurement bias and precision. Under these ideal conditions where other sources of error were eliminated, tibiofemoral poses were within 2 mm for sagittal plane translations and 1.5 deg for all rotations while patellofemoral poses were within 2 mm and 3 deg. However, statistically significant bias was found in most relative pose parameters. Bias disappeared and precision improved by a factor of two when the synthetic images were regenerated using flat shading (i.e., sharp bone edges) instead of ray tracing (i.e., attenuated bone edges). Analysis of absolute pose parameter errors revealed that the automated matching algorithm systematically pushed the flat-shaded bone models too far into the image plane to match the attenuated edges of the synthetic ray-traced images. These results suggest that biased edge detection is the primary factor limiting the theoretical accuracy of this single-plane shape matching procedure.

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In vivo knee joint loading and kinematics before and after ACL transection in an animal model

Cited by 60 publications

References 19 publications

Acute botulinum toxin-induced muscle weakness in the anterior cruciate ligament-deficient rabbit

Acute botulinum toxin-induced muscle weakness in the anterior cruciate ligament-deficient rabbit

Evaluation of Client‐Specific Outcome Measures and Activity Monitoring to Measure Pain Relief in Cats with Osteoarthritis

Theoretical Accuracy of Model-Based Shape Matching for Measuring Natural Knee Kinematics with Single-Plane Fluoroscopy

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