In vivo imaging of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplanted into myocardium using magnetic resonance imaging: A novel method to trace the transplanted cells

Isolation, Characterization and Differentiation Potential of Cardiac Progenitor Cells in Adult Pigs

“…These include BM-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) (Kamihata et al 2001;Bhakta et al 2006;Makela et al 2007), peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PB-MNCs) (Kamihata et al 2002;Doyle et al 2008) and BM-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Pak et al 2003). Bone marrow-derived MSC have been magnetically Introduction 57 labeled in order to develop non-invasive methods for studying the engraftment based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (Kraitchman et al 2003;He et al 2007). Pig MSC were used also to explore new delivery methods like a patch of a fibrin matrix seeded with autologous cells (Liu et al 2004).…”

“…Sheep instead contained mesenchymal stem cells (Kalfa et al 2010), bone marrow-derived cells (Vincentelli et al 2007), endothelial progenitor cells (Sales et al 2010) and skeletal muscle satellite cells (Ghostine et al 2002). Pig was characterized for the presence of cardiogenic cells, such as bone marrow-derived cells (Kamihata et al 2001;Bhakta et al 2006;Makela et al 2007;Doyle et al 2008;Pak et al 2003;He et al 2007;Liu et al 2004), adipose tissue cells (Valina et al 2007), amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal cells (Sartore et al 2005) and resident cardiac stem cells, recently described in weanling pigs .…”

Cell tracking using iron oxide fails to distinguish dead from living transplanted cells in the infarcted heart

“…Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides the possibility for noninvasive longitudinal imaging of cellular distribution and migration when cells of interest are loaded with iron before transplantation into the infarcted heart. Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) particles are good candidates for this purpose: labeling is relatively easy and does not affect proliferation and differentiation capacity in vitro (3,4). It was recently demonstrated that labeling of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with SPIO particles (Ferumoxide or Endorem) does not affect the therapeutic efficacy of these cells: iron-labeled MSCs kept their potential to attenuate left ventricular dilatation and dysfunction after myocardial infarction (MI) (5).…”

“…In both groups, voids on MRI scans were observed that did not change in number, size, or localization over time. Several studies demonstrated that iron-labeled cellular transplants were visible with MRI and could be followed over time (3,4,6,7), even when a magnet of clinical field strength was used (4,8), although the detection limit was low and only high numbers of iron-loaded cells were visible (9). It was only assumed that these hypointense spots on the MRI images actually represented the transplanted living iron-loaded cells.…”

Ressonância magnética eletrônica no estudo de sistemas de interesse biológico

“…(57) Estas são acopladas a um anticorpo específico para assim evidenciar a expressão dos marcadores antígenos das células-tronco em estudo de identificação através da imagem molecular (58)(59)(60)(61) e por quantificação por Ressonância Ferromagnética. (56,57) A Ressonância Ferromagnética (RFM) de nanopartículas é um experimento análogo ao de RPE exceto pelo fato que os spins eletrônicos interagem na rede ferromagnética (ou ferrimagnética) constituída de nanopartículas de monodominios magnéticos.…”