In vivo hydration and water-retention capacity of stratum corneum in clinically uninvolved skin in atopic and psoriatic patients.

Berardesca, Enzo; Fideli, D.; Borroni, G.; Rabbiosi, G.; Maibach, Howard

doi:10.2340/0001555570400404

Cited by 114 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In contrast to LPS, it is still unclear whether nLPS can be thought of as HS regarding its structure and SBF. Some studies indicate so, regarding lipid composition or TEWL and SC hydration, 29,46,47 but others 48–50 suggest an intermediate state of nLPS between LPS and HS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered structure indicating reduced barrier function of lesional compared to non‐lesional psoriatic skin—A non‐invasive in vivo study of the human stratum corneum with confocal Raman micro‐spectroscopy

Zolotas,

Schleusener,

Lademann

et al. 2023

Experimental Dermatology

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Psoriasis, one of the most common skin diseases affecting roughly 2%–3% of the world population, is associated with a reduced skin barrier function (SBF) that might play an important role in its pathophysiology. The SBF is provided primarily by the stratum corneum (SC) of the skin. Previous studies have revealed a higher trans‐epidermal water loss, lower hydration, abnormal concentration and composition of intercellular lipids, as well as alterations in secondary keratin structure in the psoriatic SC. We compared on molecular level lesional psoriatic skin (LPS) with non‐lesional psoriatic skin (nLPS) from 19 patients non‐invasively in vivo, using confocal Raman micro‐spectroscopy. By analysing the corresponding Raman spectra, we determined SBF‐defining parameters of the SC depth‐dependently. Our results revealed a lower total lipid concentration, a shift of lamellar lipid organisation towards more gauche‐conformers and an increase of the less dense hexagonal lateral packing of the intercellular lipids in LPS. Furthermore, we observed lower natural moisturising factor concentration, lower total water as well as a strong tendency towards less strongly bound and more weakly bound water molecules in LPS. Finally, we detected a less stable secondary keratin structure with increased β‐sheets, in contrast to the tertiary structure, showing a higher degree of folded keratin in LPS. These findings clearly suggest structural differences indicating a reduced SBF in LPS, and are discussed in juxtaposition to preceding outcomes for psoriatic and healthy skin. Understanding the alterations of the psoriatic SC provides insights into the exact pathophysiology of psoriasis and paves the way for optimal future treatments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered structure indicating reduced barrier function of lesional compared to non‐lesional psoriatic skin—A non‐invasive in vivo study of the human stratum corneum with confocal Raman micro‐spectroscopy

Zolotas,

Schleusener,

Lademann

et al. 2023

Experimental Dermatology

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Functional Analyses of the Superficial Stratum Corneum in Atopic Xerosis

Watanabe

Tagami²,

Horii³

et al. 1991

Arch Dermatol

146

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Dermatologists universally recognize that the unaffected skin of patients with atopic dermatitis tends to be dry and slightly scaly. To characterize the functional properties of the superficial stratum corneum in atopic xerosis, we studied the forearms of 28 patients with atopic dermatitis, aged 14 to 30 years, and 18 age-matched controls, with the use of mainly noninvasive methods. Patients with atopic xerosis showed markedly higher transepidermal water loss and markedly lower skin surface hydration levels than did the controls. The corneocytes in atopic xerosis tended to desquamate in clumps of cell aggregates instead of as individual cells. They contained a substantially lower amount of water-soluble amino acids, which play a role in the water-retaining capacity of stratum corneum, than did those of controls. Although the number of stratum corneum cell layers in atopic xerosis (21 +/- 4) was substantially larger than that in controls (15 +/- 1), its turnover time (7 +/- 2 days) was appreciably shorter than that for controls (14 +/- 2 days). Like those noted in the skin with increased epidermal proliferation, the size of superficial corneocytes in patients with atopic xerosis was substantially smaller than in controls. Histopathologic examination revealed acanthotic epidermis, mild perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrate, and pigment incontinence. Atopic xerosis, the dry skin of patients with atopic dermatitis, shows various stratum corneum functional impairments, probably reflecting increased epidermal proliferation due to a low-level ongoing dermatitis.

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