In vivo experimental evaluation of skin remodeling by using an Er:Glass laser with contact cooling

Mordon, Serge; Capon, Alexandre; Creusy, Colette; Fleurisse, Laurence; Buys, Bruno; Faucheux, Marc; Servell, Pascal

doi:10.1002/1096-9101(2000)27:1<1::aid-lsm1>3.0.co;2-v

Cited by 88 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…None of these studies have demonstrated collagen coagulation and regeneration to the depth and degree suf®cient for LSR. Mordon et al [19,20] recently used an animal model to demonstrate that a sequence of Er: glass laser pulses (at 3 Hz) with the help of a contact cooling device can achieve a subsurface zone of thermal injury at a depth of 200±500 mm, with a completely intact epidermis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Er:YAG laser skin resurfacing using repetitive long‐pulse exposure and cryogen spray cooling: I. Histological study*

et al. 2001

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Background and Objective: To evaluate histologically the characteristics of repetitive Er:YAG laser exposure of skin in combination with cryogen spray cooling (CSC), and its potential as a method of laser skin resurfacing. Study Design/Materials and Methods: Rat skin was irradiated in vivo with sequences of 10 Er:YAG laser pulses (repetition rate 20 Hz, pulse duration 150 or 550 ms, single-pulse¯uence 1.3±5.2 J/cm 2 ). In some examples, CSC was applied to reduce epidermal injury. Histologic evaluation was performed 1 hour, 1 day, 5 days, and 4 weeks post-irradiation. Results: A sequence of ten 550-ms pulses with¯uences around 2 J/cm 2 resulted in acute dermal collagen coagulation to a depth of approximately 250 mm, without complete epidermal ablation. CSC improved epidermal preservation, but also diminished the coagulation depth. Four weeks after irradiation, neo-collagen formation was observed to depths in excess of 100 mm. Conclusion: Dermal collagen coagulation and neo-collagen formation to depths similar to those observed after CO 2 laser resurfacing can be achieved without complete ablation of the epidermis by rapidly stacking long Er:YAG laser pulses. Application of CSC does not offer signi®cant epidermal protection for a given dermal coagulation depth.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Er:YAG laser skin resurfacing using repetitive long‐pulse exposure and cryogen spray cooling: I. Histological study*

et al. 2001

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“…Mordon et al applied a sequence of Er:glass laser pulses (at 3 Hz) to allow for relaxation of the epidermal temperature rise between the individual pulses. With the help of a contact cooling device, they achieved a subsurface zone of thermal injury at a depth of 200±500 mm and a completely intact epidermis [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Er:YAG laser skin resurfacing using repetitive long‐pulse exposure and cryogen spray cooling: II. Theoretical analysis

et al. 2001

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Background and Objective: To analyze the effects of laser pulse duration and cryogen spray cooling (CSC) on epidermal damage and depth of collagen coagulation in skin resurfacing with repetitive Er:YAG laser irradiation. Study Design/Materials and Methods: Evolution of temperature ®eld in skin is calculated using a simple onedimensional model of sub-ablative pulsed laser exposure and CSC. The model is solved numerically for laser pulse durations of 150 and 600 msec, and 6 msec cryogen spurts delivered just prior to (``pre-cooling''), or during and after (``post-cooling'') the 600 msec laser pulse. Results: The model indicates a minimal in¯uence of pulse duration on the extent of thermal effect in dermis, but less epidermal damage with 600 msec pulses as compared to 150 msec at the same pulse¯uence. Application of pre-or post-cooling reduces the peak surface temperature after laser exposure and accelerates its relaxation toward the base temperature to a different degree. However, the temperature pro®le in skin after 50 msec is in either example very similar to that after a lower-energy laser pulse without CSC. Conclusion: When applied in combination with repetitive Er:YAG laser exposure, CSC strongly affects the amount of heat available for dermal coagulation. As a result, CSC may not provide spatially selective epidermal protection in Er:YAG laser skin resurfacing.

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“…Sparing of the epidermis during nonablative laser or light rejuvenation has been achieved by 4 main methods: (1) use of wavelengths that reduce epidermal thermal injury, (2) use of selective epidermal cooling, (3) distribution of delivered energy over multiple pulses, and (4) focusing of the laser energy to the desired depth.…”

Section: Epidermal Preservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The depth of thermal injury depends on the penetration depth of the radiation used, which dictates the temperature distribution resulting from the lighttissue interaction. 4 To maximize heating in a subsurface tissue layer it is useful to select radiation with an optical penetration depth that matches the targeted tissue depth. In spectral regions where absorption dominates over scattering, the optical penetration depth is approximated by the reciprocal of the absorption coefficient at the selected optical wavelength.…”

Section: Dermal Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, compared with other wavelengths with similar penetration depths, 1.54 µm has low melanin absorption, low tissue scattering, and relatively high water absorption. Mordon et al 4 recently used an Er:Glass laser in combination with a sapphire CC handpiece on the abdomen of male hairless rats. By using a pulse train mode (1.1 J/pulse, 15 or 30 pulses at 3 Hz), the investigators demonstrated epidermal preservation with dermal homogenization indicative of thermal injury and subsequent fibroblast proliferation.…”

Section: Er:glass Lasermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nonablative Laser and Light Rejuvenation

Kelly

Majaron

Nelson

2001

Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery

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or centuries, patients and physicians have sought a safe and effective method for treating skin changes associated with photoaging. Currently, a variety of modalities are used to treat facial rhytids, including dermabrasion, chemical peels, and laser skin resurfacing (LSR). Although these modalities are relatively effective for rhytid reduction, epidermal disruption or removal results in an open wound that places the patient at risk for bacterial, viral, and fungal infections. Abnormal or delayed wound healing may result in skin dyspigmentation and scarring. In addition, the wound resolves with significant erythema that often lasts for weeks or months and is cosmetically troubling to patients (Figure 1). The ideal method of skin rejuvenation would achieve optimal cosmetic improvement of photodamage while minimizing wound care and the risk of adverse effects.

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In vivo experimental evaluation of skin remodeling by using an Er:Glass laser with contact cooling

Abstract: This new laser seems to be a promising new tool for the treatment of skin laxity, solar elastosis, facial rhytides, and mild reduction of wrinkles.

Cited by 88 publications

References 17 publications

Er:YAG laser skin resurfacing using repetitive long‐pulse exposure and cryogen spray cooling: I. Histological study*

Er:YAG laser skin resurfacing using repetitive long‐pulse exposure and cryogen spray cooling: I. Histological study*

Er:YAG laser skin resurfacing using repetitive long‐pulse exposure and cryogen spray cooling: II. Theoretical analysis

Nonablative Laser and Light Rejuvenation

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