In vivo evaluation of α2-adrenoceptors in cats with idiopathic cystitis

Westropp, Jodi L.; Kass, Philip H.; Buffington, C.A. Tony

doi:10.2460/ajvr.68.2.203

Cited by 28 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…22 Medetomidine, an α 2 -adrenergic receptor agonist, also was used once daily if spontaneous urination did not occur within 24 hours to provide additional sedation and analgesia and to help reduce the catecholamine excess documented in cats with idiopathic cystitis. 19,23,24 The presynaptic α 2 -adrenergic receptors serve to decrease sympathetic outflow; thus, stimulation of them might result in decreased stress response and promote urethral relaxation. 23 Despite the potential benefits of these medications, we have no direct evidence that urethral relaxation occurred or that use of these medications had any impact on outcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A protocol for managing urethral obstruction in male cats without urethral catheterization

Owens¹,

Chew²,

Buffington³

2010

javma

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Objective To determine efficacy of a protocol for managing urethral obstruction (UO) in male cats without urethral catheterization. Design Clinical trial. Animals 15 male cats with UO in which conventional treatment had been declined. Procedures Laboratory testing and abdominal radiography were performed, and cats with severe metabolic derangements or urinary calculi were excluded. Treatment included administration of acepromazine (0.25 mg, IM, or 2.5 mg, PO, q 8 h), buprenorphine (0.075 mg, PO, q 8 h), and medetomidine (0.1 mg, IM, q 24 h) and decompressive cystocentesis and SC administration of fluids as needed. Cats were placed in a quiet, dark environment to minimize stress. Treatment success was defined as spontaneous urination within 72 hours and subsequent discharge from the hospital. Results Treatment was successful in 11 of the 15 cats. In the remaining 4 cats, treatment was considered to have failed because of development of uroabdomen (n = 3) or hemoabdomen (1). Cats in which treatment failed had significantly higher serum creatinine concentrations than did cats in which treatment was successful. Necropsy was performed on 3 cats in which treatment had failed. All 3 had severe inflammatory disease of the urinary bladder, but none had evidence of bladder rupture. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance Results suggested that in male cats, a combination of pharmacological treatment, decompressive cystocentesis, and a low-stress environment may allow for resolution of UO without the need for urethral catheterization. This low-cost protocol could serve as an alternative to euthanasia when financial constraints prevent more extensive treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A protocol for managing urethral obstruction in male cats without urethral catheterization

Owens¹,

Chew²,

Buffington³

2010

javma

Self Cite

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“…Because cats with FIC invariably were neutered, the healthy cats were neutered within 4 weeks of arrival to the colony and at least 36 weeks prior to data collection, except for 2 healthy males that were neutered 4 days after arrival and 3 weeks prior to onset of data collection. As a follow-up to previous findings, 9,26 cats of the study reported here were also included in noninvasive studies to determine the effects of stress and enrichment on behavioral and physiologic variables.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sickness behaviors in response to unusual external events in healthy cats and cats with feline interstitial cystitis

Stella¹,

Lord²,

Buffington³

2011

javma

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134

122

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Objective To compare sickness behaviors (SB) in response to unusual external events (UEE) in healthy cats with those of cats with feline interstitial cystitis (FIC). Design Prospective observational study. Animals 12 healthy cats and 20 donated cats with FIC. Procedures Cats were housed in a vivarium. Sickness behaviors referable to the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts, the skin, and behavior problems were recorded by a single observer for 77 weeks. Instances of UEE (eg, changes in caretakers, vivarium routine, and lack of interaction with the investigator) were identified during 11 of the 77 weeks. No instances of UEE were identified during the remaining 66 weeks, which were considered control weeks. Results An increase in age and exposure to UEE, but not disease status, significantly increased total number of SB when results were controlled for other factors. Evaluation of individual SB revealed a protective effect of food intake for healthy males. An increase in age conferred a small increase in relative risk (RR) for upper gastrointestinal tract signs (RR, 1.2) and avoidance behavior (1.7). Exposure to UEE significantly increased the RR for decreases in food intake (RR, 9.3) and for no eliminations in 24 hours (6.4). Exposure to UEE significantly increased the RR for defecation (RR, 9.8) and urination (1.6) outside the litter box. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance SB, including some of the most commonly observed abnormalities in client-owned cats, were observed after exposure to UEE in both groups. Because healthy cats and cats with FIC were comparably affected by UEE, clinicians should consider the possibility of exposure to UEE in cats evaluated for these signs.

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“…Behaviors determined to be SB were based on review of the literature (Carlstead et al, 1993; Buffington, 2002; Westropp et al, 2007; Dantzer et al, 2008) and our observations of the cats during the year prior to this study (Stella et al, 2011). Sickness behaviors observed and recorded for the study included signs referable to the upper gastrointestinal tract (UGI-vomiting of hair, food, or bile) and lower gastrointestinal tract (LGI-diarrhea, soft feces, constipation), LUTS (stranguria, hematuria, pollakiuria), and skin (epilation, skin lesions, chin acne); anorexia or decreased food and water intake.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of stressors on the behavior and physiology of domestic cats

Stella

Croney

Buffington

2013

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

105

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Feline interstitial cystitis (FIC) is a chronic pain syndrome of domestic cats. Cats with FIC have chronic, recurrent lower urinary tract signs (LUTS) and other comorbid disorders that are exacerbated by stressors. The aim of this study was to evaluate behavioral and physiological responses of healthy cats and cats diagnosed with FIC after exposure to a five day stressor. Ten healthy cats and 18 cats with FIC were housed at The Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center (OSUVMC) vivarium. All cats were housed in enriched cages for at least one year prior to the experiment. Cats had daily play time and socialization outside of the cage, food treats and auditory enrichment. The daily husbandry schedule was maintained at a consistent time of day and cats were cared for by two familiar caretakers. During the test days, cats were exposed to multiple unpredictable stressors which included exposure to multiple unfamiliar caretakers, an inconsistent husbandry schedule, and discontinuation of play time, socialization, food treats, and auditory enrichment. Sickness behaviors (SB), including vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia or decreased food and water intake, fever, lethargy, somnolence, enhanced pain-like behaviors, decreased general activity, body care activities (grooming), and social interactions, were recorded daily. Blood samples were collected in the morning, before and after the stress period, for measurement of serum cortisol concentration, leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, neutrophil: lymphocyte (N:L) ratio and mRNA for the cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Overall, the short term stressors led to a significant increase in SB in both healthy cats and cats with FIC, whereas lymphopenia and N:L changes occurred only in FIC cats. Daily monitoring of cats for SB may be a noninvasive and reliable way to assess stress responses and overall welfare of cats housed in cages.

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In vivo evaluation of α2-adrenoceptors in cats with idiopathic cystitis

Abstract: Increased plasma catecholamine concentrations during the enrichment phase, which have been reported elsewhere, may have contributed to the differences in alpha(2)-adrenoceptor responses detected in cats with FIC.

Cited by 28 publications

References 32 publications

A protocol for managing urethral obstruction in male cats without urethral catheterization

A protocol for managing urethral obstruction in male cats without urethral catheterization

Sickness behaviors in response to unusual external events in healthy cats and cats with feline interstitial cystitis

Effects of stressors on the behavior and physiology of domestic cats

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