In Vivo Efficacy of Antimicrobial-Coated Devices

Effects of gentamicin and gentamicin–RGD coatings on bone ingrowth and biocompatibility of cementless joint prostheses: An experimental study in rabbits

“…Second, it should not negatively interfere with the decisive process of osteointegration of the uncemented implants, which determines the long-term survival in arthroplasty. Regarding antimicrobial activity, there have been several studies reporting on different successful antibiotic strategies for implants in general [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Hydroxyapatite (HA) was shown to have a 1742-7061/$ -see front matter Ó 2010 Acta Materialia Inc.…”

An off-the-shelf plasma-based material to prevent pacemaker pocket infection

“…It is possible that the efficacy of PBM(þMR) paste demonstrated in the present study would not have been observed using other organisms also encountered in clinical practice. However, minocycline and rifampicin alone provide broad-spectrum coverage for implanted devices [20,21,28]. Second, the study was limited to pacemaker pulse generators, which have smaller surface areas relative to other implantable electrical devices, including defibrillators, neural stimulators, and drug infusion systems.…”

“…In addition to the need for localized delivery of antibiotics [20,21], the ideal delivery biomaterial for uses as a prophylactic against CEID infection should be: 1) easy to apply at the time of CIED implantation; 2) an enhancer of tissue pocket healing, which could reduce seroma formation and further reduce the likelihood of infection; 3) completely biodegradable so that it would not be a source for further inflammation, biofilm formation, or interfere with subsequent surgical intervention; 4) cost-effective to enable it to become a standard of care; and 5) help mitigate cytotoxicity of delivered drugs. While clinically available products address many of these requirements [6,7,22,23], they do not enhance healing, require additional attention to implant technique, are relatively expensive to manufacture, and do not possess anti-cytotoxic actions.…”

Application of Nanomaterials in Prevention of Bone and Joint Infections

“…With this method, systemic side effects are reduced because antibiotics should not reach high serum concentrations. Many materials have been investigated as potential local delivery vehicles (Darouiche, 1999(Darouiche, , 2004Ewald et al, 2006;Darouiche et al, 2007). Polymers such as collagen and chitosan are simply and rapidly loaded by dipping them in a solution of the chosen antibiotic.…”